{"title":"The Effect of Stress Ball on Anxiety and Pain Levels in Angiography: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Dilan Yüksel, Dilek Güneş","doi":"10.1155/2024/5049092","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> Coronary angiography, an invasive diagnostic procedure, often induces pain and anxiety in patients. Despite the potential for alleviating discomfort, the use of stress balls as a nonpharmacological intervention during angiography remains underexplored.</p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study is aimed at investigating the impact of stress ball application on pain and anxiety levels in patients undergoing angiography.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> This randomized controlled trial was conducted on adult patients undergoing angiography at a Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic in Eastern Turkey between January 2023 and June 2023. A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to receive stress ball application in addition to routine care. Data collection utilized the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Patient Information Form, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).</p><p><b>Results:</b> Analysis revealed a significantly lower increase in mean NRS posttest scores among patients in the experimental group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, the mean STAI posttest score demonstrated a significant decrease (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the experimental group. A positive and significant correlation was observed between the mean NRS and STAI posttest scores among study group patients (<i>p</i> < 0.05), indicating a reduction in anxiety levels with decreasing pain.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> The application of stress balls during angiography was associated with decreased anxiety and pain levels in patients. Stress ball intervention may serve as a beneficial adjunct to pharmacological treatments. This study underscores the potential of nonpharmacological interventions in enhancing patient comfort during invasive procedures.</p><p><b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06131606 (http://clinicaltrials.gov).</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5049092","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2024/5049092","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Coronary angiography, an invasive diagnostic procedure, often induces pain and anxiety in patients. Despite the potential for alleviating discomfort, the use of stress balls as a nonpharmacological intervention during angiography remains underexplored.
Objective: This study is aimed at investigating the impact of stress ball application on pain and anxiety levels in patients undergoing angiography.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on adult patients undergoing angiography at a Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic in Eastern Turkey between January 2023 and June 2023. A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to receive stress ball application in addition to routine care. Data collection utilized the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Patient Information Form, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
Results: Analysis revealed a significantly lower increase in mean NRS posttest scores among patients in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the mean STAI posttest score demonstrated a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the experimental group. A positive and significant correlation was observed between the mean NRS and STAI posttest scores among study group patients (p < 0.05), indicating a reduction in anxiety levels with decreasing pain.
Conclusion: The application of stress balls during angiography was associated with decreased anxiety and pain levels in patients. Stress ball intervention may serve as a beneficial adjunct to pharmacological treatments. This study underscores the potential of nonpharmacological interventions in enhancing patient comfort during invasive procedures.
期刊介绍:
Cardiovascular Therapeutics (formerly Cardiovascular Drug Reviews) is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research and review articles focusing on cardiovascular and clinical pharmacology, as well as clinical trials of new cardiovascular therapies. Articles on translational research, pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine, device, gene and cell therapies, and pharmacoepidemiology are also encouraged.
Subject areas include (but are by no means limited to):
Acute coronary syndrome
Arrhythmias
Atherosclerosis
Basic cardiac electrophysiology
Cardiac catheterization
Cardiac remodeling
Coagulation and thrombosis
Diabetic cardiovascular disease
Heart failure (systolic HF, HFrEF, diastolic HF, HFpEF)
Hyperlipidemia
Hypertension
Ischemic heart disease
Vascular biology
Ventricular assist devices
Molecular cardio-biology
Myocardial regeneration
Lipoprotein metabolism
Radial artery access
Percutaneous coronary intervention
Transcatheter aortic and mitral valve replacement.