MDAPW3: MDA-based development of blockchain-enabled decentralized applications

IF 1.5 4区计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Science of Computer Programming Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI:10.1016/j.scico.2024.103185

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Web3.0 Decentralized Application (DApp) is a class of decentralized software in which at least the business logic of the software is implemented using blockchain-based smart contracts. Features such as transparency, decentralized execution environment, no need for a central authority, immutability of data from manipulation, as well as a native transaction-based payment system based on cryptographic tokens are the main advantages of Web3.0 DApps over conventional Web2.0 software in which the business logic and user data are centrally controlled by companies with no transparency. However, the development lifecycle of Web3.0 DApps involves many challenges due to the complexity of blockchain technology and smart contracts as well as the difficulties concerning with the integration of DApp on-chain and off-chain components. To alleviate these challenges, a Model Driven Architecture (MDA) approach for the development of Web3.0 DApps is proposed in this paper that streamlines the development of complex multi-lateral DApps and results in a product that is verifiable, traceable, low-cost, maintainable, less error-prone and in conformance with blockchain platform concepts. Opposed to previous studies in this area that applied MDA only for the development of smart contracts, our proposed MDA-based approach covers the full architecture of Web3.0 DApps: on-chain, off-chain and on-chain/off-chain communication patterns. The method application was demonstrated by implementing a land leasing Dapp where the requirement model (a BPMN choreography model) was transformed into CIM, PIM, and PSM instances successively, and finally, the code-base was generated based on the Ethereum platform technology stack. Epsilon Validation Language (EVL), Epsilon Object Language (EOL), and Epsilon Comparison Language (ECL) were used for the verification/validation of the model instances at each step. Furthermore, by evaluating the quality metrics of the proposed meta-models, we show that they have a better ontology coverage and are more reusable and understandable compared to previous meta-models.

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MDAPW3：基于 MDA 的区块链去中心化应用开发

Web3.0 去中心化应用程序（DApp）是一类去中心化软件，至少软件的业务逻辑是通过基于区块链的智能合约实现的。与传统的 Web2.0 软件相比，Web3.0 DApps 的主要优势在于透明、去中心化的执行环境、无需中央机构、数据不可篡改、基于加密代币的本地交易支付系统，而传统 Web2.0 软件的业务逻辑和用户数据由公司集中控制，不透明。然而，由于区块链技术和智能合约的复杂性，以及 DApp 链上和链下组件集成的困难，Web3.0 DApp 的开发生命周期面临许多挑战。为了缓解这些挑战，本文提出了一种用于 Web3.0 DApps 开发的模型驱动架构（MDA）方法，该方法简化了复杂的多边 DApps 的开发过程，使产品具有可验证、可追溯、低成本、可维护、不易出错以及符合区块链平台概念等特点。与以往仅将 MDA 应用于智能合约开发的研究不同，我们提出的基于 MDA 的方法涵盖了 Web3.0 DApp 的完整架构：链上、链下和链上/链下通信模式。该方法的应用通过实现一个土地租赁 Dapp 进行了演示，其中需求模型（BPMN 编排模型）被先后转化为 CIM、PIM 和 PSM 实例，最后基于以太坊平台技术栈生成了代码库。每一步都使用 Epsilon Validation Language（EVL）、Epsilon Object Language（EOL）和 Epsilon Comparison Language（ECL）对模型实例进行验证/确认。此外，通过评估所提出的元模型的质量指标，我们发现与以前的元模型相比，它们具有更好的本体覆盖率、可重用性和可理解性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Science of Computer Programming 工程技术-计算机：软件工程

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

67 days

期刊介绍： Science of Computer Programming is dedicated to the distribution of research results in the areas of software systems development, use and maintenance, including the software aspects of hardware design. The journal has a wide scope ranging from the many facets of methodological foundations to the details of technical issues andthe aspects of industrial practice. The subjects of interest to SCP cover the entire spectrum of methods for the entire life cycle of software systems, including • Requirements, specification, design, validation, verification, coding, testing, maintenance, metrics and renovation of software; • Design, implementation and evaluation of programming languages; • Programming environments, development tools, visualisation and animation; • Management of the development process; • Human factors in software, software for social interaction, software for social computing; • Cyber physical systems, and software for the interaction between the physical and the machine; • Software aspects of infrastructure services, system administration, and network management.