Recycling devulcanized EPDM to improve engineering properties of SBR rubber compounds

Abstract

Ethylene propylene diene rubbers (EPDM) have gained substantial attention in automotive and industrial applications owing to their exceptional resistance against weathering and heat. Despite their advantages, the elastomeric nature of EPDM poses challenges in its recycling due to the presence of crosslinks in their chemical structure, preventing them from melting. To overcome this issue, devulcanized EPDM (EPDMd) has been developed, characterized by the effective breaking of these crosslinks. Our study focuses on common composites that include Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), EPDM and silica, but with the incorporation of devulcanized EPDM (EPDMd).

We have studied the mechanical, thermal, structural and dielectric properties of SBR composites containing EPDMd at variable compositions (0, 20, 40, 50, 60 phr). Employing techniques such as Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectropy (FTIR), and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), we have explored the microstructural changes driving the macroscopic effects on the measured properties.

The results show that incorporating EPDMd improves the crosslinking degree and, at optimal 40 phr loading, significantly increases the mechanical properties of SBR matrix. The addition of SiO₂, in general, reduce tensile strength and elongation, while increasing the Young's modulus, except for compositions around 40 phr EPDMd. The dielectric measurements are in concordance with the previous data, showing a moderation of the Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars (MWS) effect due to SiO2 in highly filled EPDMd composites at 40 phr EPDMd.