{"title":"Modeling the bystander effect during viral coinfection","authors":"Zakarya Noffel , Hana M. Dobrovolny","doi":"10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111928","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Viral coinfections are responsible for a significant portion of cases of patients hospitalized with influenza-like illness. As our awareness of viral coinfections has increased, researchers have started to experimentally examine some of the virus–virus interactions underlying these infections. One mechanism of interaction between viruses is through the innate immune response. This seems to occur primarily through the interferon response, which generates an antiviral state in nearby uninfected cells, a phenomenon know as the bystander effect. Here, we develop a mathematical model of two viruses interacting through the bystander effect. We find that when the rate of removal of cells to the protected state is high, growth of the first virus is suppressed, while the second virus enjoys sole access to the protected cells, enhancing its growth. Conversely, growth of the second virus can be fully suppressed if its ability to infect the protected cells is limited.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":16.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Accounts of Chemical Research","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022519324002133","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Viral coinfections are responsible for a significant portion of cases of patients hospitalized with influenza-like illness. As our awareness of viral coinfections has increased, researchers have started to experimentally examine some of the virus–virus interactions underlying these infections. One mechanism of interaction between viruses is through the innate immune response. This seems to occur primarily through the interferon response, which generates an antiviral state in nearby uninfected cells, a phenomenon know as the bystander effect. Here, we develop a mathematical model of two viruses interacting through the bystander effect. We find that when the rate of removal of cells to the protected state is high, growth of the first virus is suppressed, while the second virus enjoys sole access to the protected cells, enhancing its growth. Conversely, growth of the second virus can be fully suppressed if its ability to infect the protected cells is limited.
期刊介绍：
Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance.
Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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