Insights on the formation of layered ferromanganese precipitates from the southern Mariana Arc, West Pacific, from micron-scale major, minor, and trace element variations

IF 2.6 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Derek R. Knaack , Matthew I. Leybourne , Andrew M. McDonald , Joseph A. Petrus , Daniel Layton-Matthews , James Hein , Robert J. Stern
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A combined laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) study was used to map 49 elements in four FeMn precipitates produced from three different genetic processes (hydrogenetic, hydrothermal, and mixed-type hydrogenetic-hydrothermal) in samples obtained from the southern Mariana Arc. Results show Mn-oxide minerals are consistently found to be associated with Ba, Mo, Sb, V, Zn, and the rare earth elements and yttrium (REY), excluding Ce, whereas Fe-oxyhydroxide minerals are primarily associated with Ti, Co, Cr, Cu, Nb, and Pb. Element distributions in FeMn precipitates from the southern Mariana Arc differ from deposits formed in other environments; notably, there is a decoupling of As and Sb, and redox-sensitive elements are more variable than non-redox-sensitive elements. Samples previously classified as either hydrogenetic or hydrothermal in origin, based on bulk geochemical data, show characteristics of both at higher resolution. Combining high resolution in-situ data with genetic classification discrimination diagrams reveals more ambiguity in metal and metalloid origin than previously thought. Mariana Arc FeMn precipitates can be separated into two formation sub-types (hydrothermal or mixed hydrothermal/hydrogenetic) based on textural and compositional differences, e.g., differences in Ce/Ce and Y/Ho values and relative variations in (Zr + Y + Ce) versus (Co + Ni) versus (Mn + Fe). Improved classification and knowledge of how fast-growing hydrothermal FeMn precipitates form may help us identify a relatively renewable critical metal resource.

Abstract Image

从微米尺度的主要、次要和微量元素变化洞察西太平洋马里亚纳弧南部层状铁锰沉淀物的形成
利用激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)和能量色散 X 射线光谱(EDS)联合研究,对从马里亚纳弧南部获得的样品中三种不同成因过程(水成因、热液成因和混合型水成因-热液成因)产生的四种铁锰沉淀物中的 49 种元素进行了测绘。结果表明,锰氧化物矿物始终与钡、钼、锑、钒、锌以及稀土元素和钇(REY)(不包括铈)有关,而铁氧化物矿物则主要与钛、钴、铬、铜、铌和铅有关。马里亚纳弧南部铁锰沉淀物中的元素分布与其他环境中形成的矿床不同;值得注意的是,砷和锑脱钩,氧化还原敏感元素比非氧化还原敏感元素变化更大。以前根据大块地球化学数据划分为水成岩或热液成岩的样本,在更高分辨率下显示出两者的特征。将高分辨率原位数据与成因分类判别图相结合,可以发现金属和类金属成因的模糊性比以前想象的要大。马里亚纳弧铁锰沉淀物可根据纹理和成分差异(例如,Ce/Ce 和 Y/Ho 值的差异以及(Zr + Y + Ce)相对于(Co + Ni)相对于(Mn + Fe)的相对变化)分为两种形成亚型(热液或混合热液/热液)。改进对快速生长的热液铁锰沉淀物形成方式的分类和了解,可能有助于我们确定一种相对可再生的关键金属资源。
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来源期刊
Marine Geology
Marine Geology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
6.90%
发文量
175
审稿时长
21.9 weeks
期刊介绍: Marine Geology is the premier international journal on marine geological processes in the broadest sense. We seek papers that are comprehensive, interdisciplinary and synthetic that will be lasting contributions to the field. Although most papers are based on regional studies, they must demonstrate new findings of international significance. We accept papers on subjects as diverse as seafloor hydrothermal systems, beach dynamics, early diagenesis, microbiological studies in sediments, palaeoclimate studies and geophysical studies of the seabed. We encourage papers that address emerging new fields, for example the influence of anthropogenic processes on coastal/marine geology and coastal/marine geoarchaeology. We insist that the papers are concerned with the marine realm and that they deal with geology: with rocks, sediments, and physical and chemical processes affecting them. Papers should address scientific hypotheses: highly descriptive data compilations or papers that deal only with marine management and risk assessment should be submitted to other journals. Papers on laboratory or modelling studies must demonstrate direct relevance to marine processes or deposits. The primary criteria for acceptance of papers is that the science is of high quality, novel, significant, and of broad international interest.
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