Mutations in nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial ribosome proteins restore pollen fertility in S male-sterile maize.

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI:10.1093/g3journal/jkae201

Yan Wang, Rosalind Williams-Carrier, Robert Meeley, Timothy Fox, Karen Chamusco, Mina Nashed, L Curtis Hannah, Susan Gabay-Laughnan, Alice Barkan, Christine Chase

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Abstract

The interaction of plant mitochondrial and nuclear genetic systems is exemplified by mitochondria-encoded cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) under the control of nuclear restorer-of-fertility genes. The S type of CMS in maize is characterized by a pollen collapse phenotype and a unique paradigm for fertility restoration in which numerous nuclear restorer-of-fertility lethal mutations rescue pollen function but condition homozygous-lethal seed phenotypes. Two nonallelic restorer mutations recovered from Mutator transposon-active lines were investigated to determine the mechanisms of pollen fertility restoration and seed lethality. Mu Illumina sequencing of transposon-flanking regions identified insertion alleles of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial ribosomal proteins RPL6 and RPL14 as candidate restorer-of-fertility lethal mutations. Both candidates were associated with lowered abundance of mitochondria-encoded proteins in developing maize pollen, and the rpl14 mutant candidate was confirmed by independent insertion alleles. While the restored pollen functioned despite reduced accumulation of mitochondrial respiratory proteins, normal-cytoplasm plants heterozygous for the mutant alleles showed a significant pollen transmission bias in favor of the nonmutant Rpl6 and Rpl14 alleles. CMS-S fertility restoration affords a unique forward genetic approach to investigate the mitochondrial requirements for, and contributions to, pollen and seed development.

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编码线粒体核糖体蛋白的核基因突变可恢复 S 型雄性不育玉米的花粉育性。

线粒体编码的细胞质雄性不育是植物线粒体和核遗传系统相互作用的例证，这种不育受核生育力恢复基因的控制。玉米的 S 型细胞质雄性不育以花粉凋落表型为特征，是一种独特的生育力恢复范例，其中许多核生育力恢复致死突变能挽救花粉功能，但却会造成同卵致死的种子表型。为了确定花粉育性恢复和种子致死的机制，我们对从 Mutator 转座子活性品系中获得的两个非等位恢复突变进行了研究。转座子侧翼区域的 Mu Illumina 测序确定了编码线粒体核糖体蛋白 RPL6 和 RPL14 的核基因的插入等位基因为候选的生育力恢复致死突变。这两个候选突变都与发育中的玉米花粉中线粒体编码蛋白的丰度降低有关，rpl14 突变体候选突变通过独立的插入等位基因得到了证实。尽管线粒体呼吸蛋白的积累减少，但恢复的花粉仍能发挥作用，突变等位基因杂合的正常细胞质植株表现出明显的花粉传播偏向于非突变的 Rpl6 和 Rpl14 等位基因。CMS-S 生育力恢复为研究线粒体对花粉和种子发育的要求和贡献提供了一种独特的正向遗传方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics GENETICS & HEREDITY-

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

3.80%

发文量

305

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics provides a forum for the publication of high‐quality foundational research, particularly research that generates useful genetic and genomic information such as genome maps, single gene studies, genome‐wide association and QTL studies, as well as genome reports, mutant screens, and advances in methods and technology. The Editorial Board of G3 believes that rapid dissemination of these data is the necessary foundation for analysis that leads to mechanistic insights. G3, published by the Genetics Society of America, meets the critical and growing need of the genetics community for rapid review and publication of important results in all areas of genetics. G3 offers the opportunity to publish the puzzling finding or to present unpublished results that may not have been submitted for review and publication due to a perceived lack of a potential high-impact finding. G3 has earned the DOAJ Seal, which is a mark of certification for open access journals, awarded by DOAJ to journals that achieve a high level of openness, adhere to Best Practice and high publishing standards.