Multisensory training based on an APP for enhanced verbal working memory in older adults

IF 3.6 2区 医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
Rongjuan Zhu , Xiaoliang Ma , Ziyu Wang , Qi Hui , Xuan Wang , Xuqun You
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Abstract

With the increasing aging population, contemporary society faces the imperative to develop approaches that efficiently delay the age-related decline in working memory capacity, which is a critical area within cognitive aging research. Nevertheless, there is insufficient evidence to support the efficacy of verbal working memory training across various sensory modalities (visual, auditory, and audiovisual) in enhancing the verbal working memory capacity of older adults. In this study, 60 healthy older adults (mean age = 67.07 ± 3.79 years, comprising 34 women and 26 men, mean education = 15.55 ± 2.53 years) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: visual verbal working memory (V-VWM) group, auditory verbal working memory (A-VWM) group, visual-auditory verbal working memory (VA-VWM) group, and a control group. The training duration spanned 12 days. We also investigated whether baseline level and education predicted the outcomes. Findings indicated that V-VWM training had a large effect on improving V-VWM task performance (Cohen's d = 1.765), A-VWM training showed a substantial effect on A-VWM task performance (Cohen's d = 1.904), and VA-VWM training demonstrated a significant effect on VA-VWM task performance (Cohen's d = 2.319) over pretest scores in older adults. Enhancements achieved through V-VWM training exhibited near transfer effects, improving performance in both A-VWM and VA-VWM tasks. In contrast, gains from A-VWM training were selectively transferred to the VA-VWM task. Furthermore, VA-VWM training led to improvements not only in V-VWM and A-VWM tasks but also extended to verbal operation span task with a significant 29.7 % increase. However, no significant transfer effects were observed for the DSF and DSB tasks across the three training groups. The maintenance effect of VA-VWM training persisted for two weeks across tasks involving VA-VWM, V-VWM, and A-VWM. The baseline of VWM span score influence the effect of V-VWM training and transfer effect of VA-VWM training. Education level did not predict the training effects of V-VWM, A-VWM, and VA-VWM. These findings highlight the nuanced effects of sensory-specific verbal working memory training in older adults, emphasizing the potential of tailored interventions to enhance specific aspects of cognitive function, while also highlighting the promising applications of mobile device training in enhancing cognitive skills among the elderly.

基于 APP 的多感官训练增强老年人的言语工作记忆
随着人口老龄化的加剧,当代社会面临着开发有效延缓与年龄相关的工作记忆能力下降的方法的当务之急,这也是认知老龄化研究的一个关键领域。然而,目前还没有足够的证据支持通过各种感官模式(视觉、听觉和视听)的言语工作记忆训练来提高老年人的言语工作记忆能力。在这项研究中,60 名健康的老年人(平均年龄为 67.07 ± 3.79 岁,其中女性 34 人,男性 26 人,平均受教育年限为 15.55 ± 2.53 年)被随机分配到四组中的一组:视觉言语工作记忆组(V-VWM)、听觉言语工作记忆组(A-VWM)、视觉-听觉言语工作记忆组(VA-VWM)和对照组。训练时间为 12 天。我们还调查了基线水平和教育程度是否能预测结果。研究结果表明,V-VWM 训练对提高老年人的 V-VWM 任务表现有很大影响(Cohen's d = 1.765),A-VWM 训练对 A-VWM 任务表现有很大影响(Cohen's d = 1.904),VA-VWM 训练对 VA-VWM 任务表现有显著影响(Cohen's d = 2.319)。通过 V-VWM 训练获得的增强表现出接近转移效应的效果,在 A-VWM 和 VA-VWM 任务中的表现都有所提高。相比之下,A-VWM 训练的收益被选择性地转移到了 VA-VWM 任务中。此外,VA-VWM 训练不仅提高了 V-VWM 和 A-VWM 任务的成绩,还扩展到了言语操作跨度任务,显著提高了 29.7%。然而,在三组训练中,DSF 和 DSB 任务没有观察到明显的迁移效应。在涉及 VA-VWM、V-VWM 和 A-VWM 的任务中,VA-VWM 训练的维持效应持续了两周。VWM跨度分数的基线影响了VA-VWM训练的效果和VA-VWM训练的迁移效果。教育水平并不能预测 V-VWM、A-VWM 和 VA-VWM 的训练效果。这些发现凸显了老年人感官特异性言语工作记忆训练的微妙效果,强调了量身定制的干预措施在增强认知功能的特定方面的潜力,同时也突出了移动设备训练在增强老年人认知技能方面的应用前景。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
9.30%
发文量
94
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Official Journal of the European Society for Research on Internet Interventions (ESRII) and the International Society for Research on Internet Interventions (ISRII). The aim of Internet Interventions is to publish scientific, peer-reviewed, high-impact research on Internet interventions and related areas. Internet Interventions welcomes papers on the following subjects: • Intervention studies targeting the promotion of mental health and featuring the Internet and/or technologies using the Internet as an underlying technology, e.g. computers, smartphone devices, tablets, sensors • Implementation and dissemination of Internet interventions • Integration of Internet interventions into existing systems of care • Descriptions of development and deployment infrastructures • Internet intervention methodology and theory papers • Internet-based epidemiology • Descriptions of new Internet-based technologies and experiments with clinical applications • Economics of internet interventions (cost-effectiveness) • Health care policy and Internet interventions • The role of culture in Internet intervention • Internet psychometrics • Ethical issues pertaining to Internet interventions and measurements • Human-computer interaction and usability research with clinical implications • Systematic reviews and meta-analysis on Internet interventions
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