A qualitative study of the experience of doula support to women in socially disadvantaged positions in Sweden: The voices of women and doulas

Abstract

Background

Women in socially disadvantaged positions face increased risk of fear of birth, birth complications, and postpartum depression, highlighting the need for targeted interventions for this group. Doula support is associated with positive emotional and medical outcomes for mother and child. Experience of doula support for women in socially disadvantaged positions in Sweden remains unexplored.

Aim

To describe experiences of doula support within a project for women in socially disadvantaged positions in Sweden.

Methods

In-depth interviews with seven women and focus group discussions with twelve doulas in a Doula support project were conducted. Data was analysed with inductive content analysis.

Results

Women and doulas described experiences of doula support as a significant relationship with challenges, due to unclear boundaries for the support, and the time and trust needed to establish the relationship. The support was perceived as comprehensive, far exceeding traditional doula support, with extensive assistance provided postpartum. The project was regarded as meaningful, and that it led to positive birth experiences.

Conclusions

Women in socially disadvantaged positions may benefit from doula support during the perinatal period. The support fosters feelings of calmness, security and empowerment, and alleviates feelings of isolation, which is crucial for a positive birth experience. Support for these women is complex due to increased social needs, leading to unclear expectations of the doula’s role. Support from colleagues is deemed crucial. Future projects should establish clear frameworks and a supportive structure for doulas.