Andreas F Borkenstein, Tatiana K Kormilina, Harald Fitzek, Johannes Rattenberger, Gerald Kothleitner, Fabio E Machado Charry, Eva-Maria Borkenstein
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Pinhole intraocular lenses (IOLs) were developed to improve reading by compensating for loss of accommodative function. The IC-8® Apthera™ is a small-aperture presbyopia-correcting IOL that combines the proven principle of small-aperture optics with an aspheric monofocal lens to deliver a continuous range of vision for patients with cataracts from distance to near vision. Posterior capsule opacification is the most common sequela after cataract surgery. It is effectively treated by laser capsulotomy. However, if the laser beam is incorrectly focused, the IOL can be permanently damaged (pits/shots).
Methods: In this experimental study, yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) pits were purposefully created. Defects were analyzed and compared between the periphery of the ring in the clear area of the hydrophobic acrylic lens and at the carbon black (CB)-polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) filtering component (FilterRing™) of the pinhole lens. All defects were made using identical settings/energy levels (2.6 mJ). The damage induced to the IC-8® Apthera™ IOL was examined by low-magnification images, light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).
Results: YAG defects in the carbon black filter ring were much more severe than those in the clear zone due to the high absorption of the carbon black. Massive defects and destruction of the lens with tearing out of fragments and particles were observed. The missing volume calculated from the micro-CT reconstruction was 0.266 mm3, which is 1.6% of the entire IOL volume, or more than 1000 times the volume damaged in the largest shot in the periphery.
Conclusion: Based on the results, we highly recommend using the lowest possible energy levels, posterior offset setting, and circular pattern for maximum safety when performing laser capsulotomy with pinhole implants. Care should be taken to avoid creating irreversible iatrogenic defects that may affect overall quality. The safest area for performing capsulotomy seems to be the periphery of the ring segment. Video available for this article.
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Aims and Scope
Ophthalmology and Therapy is an international, open access, peer-reviewed (single-blind), and rapid publication journal. The scope of the journal is broad and will consider all scientifically sound research from preclinical, clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the use of ophthalmological therapies, devices, and surgical techniques.
The journal is of interest to a broad audience of pharmaceutical and healthcare professionals and publishes original research, reviews, case reports/series, trial protocols and short communications such as commentaries and editorials. Ophthalmology and Therapy will consider all scientifically sound research be it positive, confirmatory or negative data. Submissions are welcomed whether they relate to an international and/or a country-specific audience, something that is crucially important when researchers are trying to target more specific patient populations. This inclusive approach allows the journal to assist in the dissemination of quality research, which may be considered of insufficient interest by other journals.
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The journal’s publication timelines aim for a rapid peer review of 2 weeks. If an article is accepted it will be published 3–4 weeks from acceptance. The rapid timelines are achieved through the combination of a dedicated in-house editorial team, who manage article workflow, and an extensive Editorial and Advisory Board who assist with peer review. This allows the journal to support the rapid dissemination of research, whilst still providing robust peer review. Combined with the journal’s open access model this allows for the rapid, efficient communication of the latest research and reviews, fostering the advancement of ophthalmic therapies.
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All articles published by Ophthalmology and Therapy are open access.
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The journal’s dedicated in-house editorial team offer a personal “concierge service” meaning authors will always have an editorial contact able to update them on the status of their manuscript. The editorial team check all manuscripts to ensure that articles conform to the most recent COPE, GPP and ICMJE publishing guidelines. This supports the publication of ethically sound and transparent research.
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Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be required to pay the mandatory Rapid Service Fee of €5250/$6000/£4300. The journal will consider fee discounts and waivers for developing countries and this is decided on a case by case basis.
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Upon submission, manuscripts are assessed by the editorial team to ensure they fit within the aims and scope of the journal and are also checked for plagiarism. All suitable submissions are then subject to a comprehensive single-blind peer review. Reviewers are selected based on their relevant expertise and publication history in the subject area. The journal has an extensive pool of editorial and advisory board members who have been selected to assist with peer review based on the afore-mentioned criteria.
At least two extensive reviews are required to make the editorial decision, with the exception of some article types such as Commentaries, Editorials, and Letters which are generally reviewed by one member of the Editorial Board. Where reviewer recommendations are conflicted, the editorial board will be contacted for further advice and a presiding decision. Manuscripts are then either accepted, rejected or authors are required to make major or minor revisions (both reviewer comments and editorial comments may need to be addressed). Once a revised manuscript is re-submitted, it is assessed along with the responses to reviewer comments and if it has been adequately revised it will be accepted for publication. Accepted manuscripts are then copyedited and typeset by the production team before online publication. Appeals against decisions following peer review are considered on a case-by-case basis and should be sent to the journal editor.
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