Research Progress on the Effect and Mechanism of Exercise Intervention on Sarcopenia Obesity

IF 3.6 3区医学

Clinical Interventions in Aging Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.2147/cia.s473083

Jun Chen, Shaohui Jia, Chenggen Guo, Zhiwei Fan, Weiyi Yan, Kunwei Dong

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Abstract

Abstract: With the increasingly severe situation of obesity and population aging, there is growing concern about sarcopenia obesity (SO). SO refers to the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia, which imposes a heavier burden on individuals and society compared to obesity or sarcopenia alone. Therefore, comprehending the pathogenesis of SO and implementing effective clinical interventions are vital for its prevention and treatment. This review uses a comprehensive literature search and analysis of PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases, with search terms including “Sarcopenic obesity”, “exercise”, “cytokines”, “inflammation”, “mitochondrial quality control”, and “microRNA”, covering relevant studies published up to July 2024. The results indicate that the pathogenesis of SO is complex, involving mechanisms like age-related changes in body composition, hormonal alterations, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and genetic and epigenetic factors. Regarding exercise interventions for SO, aerobic exercise can reduce fat mass, resistance exercise can increase skeletal muscle mass and strength, and combined exercise can achieve both, making it the optimal intervention for SO. The potential mechanisms by which exercise may prevent and treat SO include regulating cytokine secretion, inhibiting inflammatory pathways, improving mitochondrial quality, and mediating microRNA expression. This review emphasizes the effectiveness of exercise interventions in mitigating sarcopenic obesity through comprehensive analysis of its multifactorial pathogenesis and the mechanistic insights into exercise’s therapeutic effects. Understanding these mechanisms informs targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at alleviating the societal and individual burdens associated with SO.

Keywords: sarcopenic obesity, exercise, cytokines, microRNA, mitochondrial quality control, inflammation

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运动干预对 "肌少症 "肥胖症的影响和机制的研究进展

摘要：随着肥胖和人口老龄化形势的日益严峻，人们越来越关注肌肉疏松性肥胖症（Sarcopenia obesity，SO）。肌肉疏松性肥胖症是指肥胖和肌肉疏松同时存在，与单纯的肥胖或肌肉疏松相比，给个人和社会带来更沉重的负担。因此，了解肌肉疏松症的发病机制并实施有效的临床干预措施对预防和治疗肌肉疏松症至关重要。本综述对 PubMed、Web of Science 和 CNKI 数据库进行了全面的文献检索和分析，检索词包括 "肌少症肥胖"、"运动"、"细胞因子"、"炎症"、"线粒体质量控制 "和 "microRNA"，涵盖了截至 2024 年 7 月发表的相关研究。结果表明，肥胖症的发病机制十分复杂，涉及与年龄相关的身体成分变化、激素改变、炎症、线粒体功能障碍以及遗传和表观遗传因素等机制。关于对 SO 的运动干预，有氧运动可以减少脂肪量，阻力运动可以增加骨骼肌的质量和力量，而综合运动则可以同时达到这两种效果，因此是对 SO 的最佳干预。运动预防和治疗SO的潜在机制包括调节细胞因子分泌、抑制炎症途径、改善线粒体质量和介导微RNA表达。本综述通过对肌肉疏松性肥胖的多因素致病机理的全面分析，以及对运动治疗效果机理的深入了解，强调了运动干预在缓解肌肉疏松性肥胖方面的有效性。了解这些机制有助于制定有针对性的治疗策略，以减轻与肌肉疏松性肥胖相关的社会和个人负担。关键词：肌肉疏松性肥胖；运动；细胞因子；微RNA；线粒体质量控制；炎症

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来源期刊

Clinical Interventions in Aging GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY-

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

2.80%

发文量

193

期刊介绍： Clinical Interventions in Aging, is an online, peer reviewed, open access journal focusing on concise rapid reporting of original research and reviews in aging. Special attention will be given to papers reporting on actual or potential clinical applications leading to improved prevention or treatment of disease or a greater understanding of pathological processes that result from maladaptive changes in the body associated with aging. This journal is directed at a wide array of scientists, engineers, pharmacists, pharmacologists and clinical specialists wishing to maintain an up to date knowledge of this exciting and emerging field.