Investigation the behavior of LWAC encased steel columns after exposure to elevated temperature

Abstract

This paper presents experimental and numerical investigations on the behavior of eccentrically loaded lightweight aggregate concrete encased steel (LWACES) columns after exposing to elevated temperatures. Sixteen concrete encased steel (CES) columns were considered in the study, 12 of which were exposed to elevated temperature then eccentrically loaded up to failure at different eccentricity ratios. The effect of temperature on the load–displacement relationships, failure load, and failure modes of the concrete encased steel (CES) columns was monitored and evaluated. Experimental results have shown that as the temperature increases, the load bearing capacity of the CES columns decreased. It has also been showed that, at high temperature, the normal‐weight concrete encased steel (NWCES) columns experienced larger degradation of the load bearing capacity compared to that of LWACES columns. Also, this study presents a numerical simulation of the behavior of LWACES columns at elevated temperatures with eccentric compressive load. The numerical model was implemented in conducting parametric study to understand the effect of temperature distribution, concrete cover, eccentricity ratio, and high temperature levels on the behavior of the thermally exposed (CES) columns. Numerical results have revealed that, at temperature value of 500°C, the ultimate capacity of LWACES with eccentricity ratios of 0.75, and 1 has decreased by 17%, and 23%, respectively, compared to that of the column with eccentricity ratio of 0.5.