Phylogeography and genetic population structure of the endangered bitterling Acheilognathus tabira tabira Jordan & Thompson, 1914 (Cyprinidae) in western Honshu, Japan, inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences

Gen Ito, Naoto Koyama, Ryota Noguchi, Ryoichi Tabata, Seigo Kawase, J. Kitamura, Yasunori Koya
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Abstract

We examined the genetic population structure of the endangered freshwater cyprinid Acheilognathus tabira tabira in the Japanese archipelago, which has only been analyzed in limited sampling in previous studies, based on cytochrome b region of the mitochondrial gene. We confirmed the existence of the same three lineages determined in the previous study, the natural distribution area of Lineage I and II+III were considered to be the Seto Inland Sea and Ise Bay regions, respectively. Furthermore, the Seto Inland Sea region population was divided into five groups inhabiting neighboring water systems using the spatial analysis of molecular variance (SAMOVA). We estimated that populations in the Seto Inland Sea region migrated through a single paleowater system during the last glacial period and were then separated and genetically differentiated due to marine transgression. The Yoshino River system population was estimated to be a non-native population because it belonged to the same group as the Lake Biwa-Yodo River system, which is the only separate water system across the Seto Inland Sea. This study provides new evidence of genetic differentiation in A. t. tabira populations within the Seto Inland Sea region, where genetic differentiation has not been detected in previous studies, corresponding to five different groups by significantly increasing the number of individuals and sites compared with previous studies. Therefore, we propose these five groups as conservation units in the Seto Inland Sea region.
从线粒体 DNA 序列推断日本本州西部濒危苦丁鱼 Acheilognathus tabira tabira Jordan & Thompson, 1914 (鲤科)的系统地理学和遗传种群结构
我们基于线粒体基因细胞色素 b 区,研究了日本列岛濒危淡水鲤科鱼类 Acheilognathus tabira tabira 的遗传种群结构。我们确认了之前研究中确定的三个品系的存在,并认为品系 I 和 II+III 的自然分布区分别是濑户内海和伊势湾地区。此外,利用分子方差空间分析法(SAMOVA)将濑户内海地区的种群划分为栖息在邻近水系的五个群。我们推测,濑户内海地区的种群在末次冰川时期通过单一的古水系迁移,然后由于海洋变迁而分离并产生遗传分化。吉野川水系种群与琵琶湖-淀川水系属于同一族群,而琵琶湖-淀川水系是横跨濑户内海的唯一独立水系,因此吉野川水系种群被估计为非本地种群。本研究提供了濑户内海地区 A. t. tabira 种群遗传分化的新证据,与之前的研究相比,本研究显著增加了个体数量和地点数量,从而对应于五个不同的群体。因此,我们建议将这五个群体作为濑户内海地区的保护单位。
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