Elevational distribution patterns and drivers factors of fungal community diversity at different soil depths in the Abies georgei var. smithii forests on Sygera Mountains, southeastern Tibet, China

Bo Zhang, Sijie Zhu, Jiangrong Li, Fangwei Fu, Liangna Guo, Jieting Li, Yibo Zhang, Yuzhuo Liu, Ganggang Chen, Gengxin Zhang
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Abstract

Soil fungal communities play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological functions of alpine forest soil ecosystems. However, it is currently unclear how the distribution patterns of fungal communities in different soil layers of alpine forests will change along the elevational gradients.Therefore, Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was employed to investigate fungal communities in three soil layers (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm) along an elevational gradient (3500 m to 4300 m) at Sygera Mountains, located in Bayi District, Nyingchi City, Tibet.The results indicated that: 1) Soil depth had a greater impact on fungal diversity than elevation, demonstrating a significant reduction in fungal diversity with increased soil depth but showing no significant difference with elevation changes in all soil layers. Within the 0–10 cm soil layer, both Basidiomycota and Ascomycota co-dominate the microbial community. However, as the soil depth increases to 10–20 and 20–30 cm soil layers, the Basidiomycota predominantly dominates. 2) Deterministic processes were dominant in the assembly mechanism of the 0–10 cm fungal community and remained unchanged with increasing elevation. By contrast, the assembly mechanisms of the 10–20 and 20–30 cm fungal communities shifted from deterministic to stochastic processes as elevation increased. 3) The network complexity of the 0–10 cm fungal community gradually increased with elevation, while that of the 10–20 and 20–30 cm fungal communities exhibited a decreasing trend. Compared to the 0–10 cm soil layer, more changes in the relative abundance of fungal biomarkers occurred in the 10–20 and 20–30 cm soil layers, indicating that the fungal communities at these depths are more sensitive to climate changes. Among the key factors driving these alterations, soil temperature and moisture soil water content stood out as pivotal in shaping the assembly mechanisms and network complexity of fungal communities. This study contributes to the understanding of soil fungal community patterns and drivers along elevational gradients in alpine ecosystems and provides important scientific evidence for predicting the functional responses of soil microbial ecosystems in alpine forests.
中国西藏东南部色季拉山桤木林不同土层深度真菌群落多样性的高程分布模式及驱动因素
土壤真菌群落在维持高山森林土壤生态系统的生态功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用。因此,研究人员采用 Illumina MiSeq 测序技术,对西藏宁蒗彝族自治县色季拉山海拔梯度(3500 米至 4300 米)的三个土层(0-10 厘米、10-20 厘米和 20-30 厘米)的真菌群落进行了研究:1)土壤深度比海拔高度对真菌多样性的影响更大,表明随着土壤深度的增加,真菌多样性显著减少,但所有土层的真菌多样性与海拔高度变化无显著差异。在 0-10 厘米的土层中,基生菌类和子囊菌类共同主导着微生物群落。然而,当土壤深度增加到 10-20 厘米和 20-30 厘米土层时,基生菌群则占主导地位。2) 在 0-10 厘米真菌群落的组装机制中,确定性过程占主导地位,并且随着海拔的增加而保持不变。相比之下,随着海拔的升高,10-20 和 20-30 厘米真菌群落的组装机制从确定性过程转向随机过程。3)0-10 厘米真菌群落的网络复杂度随着海拔的升高而逐渐增加,而 10-20 厘米和 20-30 厘米真菌群落的网络复杂度则呈下降趋势。与 0-10 厘米土层相比,10-20 厘米和 20-30 厘米土层真菌生物标志物相对丰度的变化更大,表明这些深度的真菌群落对气候变化更为敏感。在驱动这些变化的关键因素中,土壤温度和湿度土壤含水量在塑造真菌群落的组装机制和网络复杂性方面起着关键作用。这项研究有助于人们了解高山生态系统沿海拔梯度的土壤真菌群落模式和驱动因素,并为预测高山森林土壤微生物生态系统的功能响应提供了重要的科学证据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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