Seasonal Phenotypic Variation in the Aeolian Wall Lizard, Podarcis raffonei, of the Capo Grosso (Vulcano) Population

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI:10.3390/d16080485
Benedetta Gambioli, D. Macale, L. Vignoli
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Abstract

In recent decades, studies on animal coloration have expanded significantly, from understanding color production and perception mechanisms to exploring the selective pressures driving these patterns. Conservation biology has begun leveraging these studies to develop effective strategies, gauge public support for conservation projects, select flagship species, and determine reproductive pairs and optimal rearing and release conditions for captive breeding. Critically endangered Aeolian wall lizards (Podarcis raffonei) were housed at the Fondazione Bioparco di Roma for a pilot captive breeding project following alarming hypotheses of rising numbers of “green” hybrids (P. raffonei × P. siculus) in one of the four surviving populations. Through a quantitative analysis of visible dorsal color in captive and natural populations, we aim to determine whether P. raffonei is characterized by seasonal variation in its dorsal coloration and if color is influenced by sex and ontogenesis. Our findings show that P. raffonei’s dorsal pigmentation varies between seasons. In spring, the size and age of the animals does not seem to affect any color component, while the sexes always differ in their hue, with males having consistently more yellow-green dorsa. Between-year analyses, including measurements from the wild population, indicate that yearly variation is not limited to the captive population but also occurs in nature. We caution against identifying potential hybrids based solely on phenotypic traits.
卡波格罗索(武尔卡诺)种群的伊奥利亚壁蜥 Podarcis raffonei 的季节性表型变异
近几十年来,对动物色彩的研究已从了解色彩产生和感知机制扩展到探索驱动这些模式的选择性压力。保护生物学已开始利用这些研究来制定有效的策略、衡量公众对保护项目的支持程度、选择旗舰物种、确定繁殖配对以及圈养繁殖的最佳饲养和释放条件。极度濒危的伊奥利亚壁蜥(Podarcis raffonei)在四个存活种群之一的 "绿色 "杂交种(P. raffonei × P. siculus)数量不断上升的假说令人震惊之后,被安置在罗马生物科学基金会(Fondazione Bioparco di Roma)进行试点人工繁殖项目。通过对人工饲养种群和自然种群中可见背色的定量分析,我们旨在确定虹鳟背色是否具有季节性变化的特征,以及背色是否受性别和个体发育的影响。我们的研究结果表明,P. raffonei的背部色素在不同季节会有所变化。在春季,动物的大小和年龄似乎对任何颜色成分都没有影响,而雌雄动物的背色总是不同,雄性动物的背色一直都是黄绿色。年际分析(包括对野生种群的测量)表明,年际变化不仅限于圈养种群,在自然界中也会出现。我们提醒大家不要仅仅根据表型特征来确定潜在的杂交种。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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