Studies on Genetic Variability and Morphological Variations of Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Germplasm

Noria Merin Sakariah, G. Lal
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Abstract

Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] belongs to the family of Leguminosae (Fabaceae) and it is an important annual legume crop widely cultivated in semi-arid tropics. In the present investigation, a total of 20 lines of greengram including one check variety were evaluated during Zaid, 2023 in Randomized Block Design with three replications for genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance by using 13 quantitative traits and to study morphological variation for these 13 quantitative characters by metroglyph and index score method. Analysis of variance for various quantitative characters revealed that the mean sum of squares due to genotypes showed high significant differences for all characters under study at 1% level and 5% level of significance. High GCV, PCV, heritability, and genetic advance were recorded by number of pods per plant. Based on metroglyph analysis and scatter diagram, 20 genotypes were grouped into 5 complexes, and the maximum number of genotypes (15) were found in group I. The two most variable characters, number of pods per plant and plant height (cm) were selected for the X and Y axes, respectively. The germplasm lines VIRAT (31), CO-7 (31), LGG-407 (30), AMULYA (29) and IPM-2-3 (29) recorded high index scores and fell into different clusters do well for morphological variations for a greater number of traits. Thus, the use of these genotypes in future breeding programs for crossing to obtain maximum variability of good combinations is suggested.
青糯[Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]种质遗传变异和形态变异研究
油菜[Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]属于豆科(Fabaceae),是一种重要的一年生豆科作物,在半干旱热带地区广泛种植。本研究在 2023 年扎伊德(Zaid)期间,采用随机区组设计,三次重复,对包括一个对照品种在内的 20 个青绿禾品系进行了遗传变异性、遗传率和遗传进展的评估,并利用元图谱和指数评分法研究了这 13 个数量性状的形态变异。各种数量性状的方差分析显示,在 1%和 5%的显著性水平下,基因型导致的平均方差之和在所有研究性状中都显示出高度显著差异。每株荚果数的 GCV、PCV、遗传率和遗传进展均较高。根据元图分析和散点图,20 个基因型被分为 5 组,其中 I 组的基因型数量最多(15 个)。VIRAT (31)、CO-7 (31)、LGG-407 (30)、AMULYA (29) 和 IPM-2-3 (29) 等种质系的指数得分较高,属于不同的群组,在较多性状的形态变异方面表现良好。因此,建议在未来的育种计划中使用这些基因型进行杂交,以获得最大变异性的优良组合。
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