In this study, we explore the electromagnetic fields within the backdrop of a topological defect space-time generated by a point-like global monopole. Our investigation involves the computation of the electromagnetic field tensor and derivation of Maxwell’s equations governing the associated electric and magnetic field components. Subsequently, we extend our analysis to a cosmic string space-time, employing a similar methodology to compute the electromagnetic field tensor and Maxwell’s equations. In both scenarios, we emphasize the notable influence of topological defects on the field tensor and equations governing the electric and magnetic fields. Furthermore, our study shows that the global monopole and cosmic string parameters induces modifications in the results compared to those obtained in the Minkowski flat space. This analysis contributes to the broader understanding of how topological defects impact on the electromagnetic fields in diverse space-time geometries background.