A dynamic model and a new approach to analyzing the success of the soft landing process of a spacecraft with a mechanical landing device

V. N. Bakulin, S. Borzykh
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Abstract

An approach is proposed to analyze one of the most critical stages of spacecraft operation – the soft landing process, starting from the moment of the first contact of the spacecraft with the ground to its complete stop. It is noted that it is necessary to extinguish the significant kinetic energy that the device possesses at the moment of contact with the surface. The most common type of landing device is considered spring-lever type, including several supports with deformable energy absorbers. Limited opportunities for ground-based experimental testing of the soft landing process lead to the need to use a dynamic model to analyze the success of landing and rational selection of the characteristics of the landing device. The model of the landing process is based on the representation of the vehicle body and its landing device elements as a structurally complex mechanical system of bodies with internal connections, the type of which is determined by restrictions imposed on the relative movement of the system bodies. An approach to the for-mulation of special equations for determining bond reactions that reflects these limitations is presented. The success criteria of the landing process are described. The success analysis of the planting process is illustrated by a specific example.
分析带有机械着陆装置的航天器软着陆过程成功与否的动态模型和新方法
提出了一种方法来分析航天器运行的最关键阶段之一--软着陆过程,从航天器与地面首次接触的瞬间开始,直至完全停止。需要注意的是,必须消除装置在与地面接触时所具有的巨大动能。最常见的着陆装置被认为是弹簧杠杆式的,包括几个带有可变形能量吸收器的支架。由于对软着陆过程进行地面实验测试的机会有限,因此需要使用动态模型来分析着陆的成功率并合理选择着陆装置的特性。着陆过程模型的基础是将车体及其着陆装置元件表示为一个由具有内部连接的主体组成的结构复杂的机械系统,其类型由对系统主体相对运动施加的限制决定。本文提出了一种反映这些限制的用于确定粘接反应的特殊方程的计算方法。描述了着陆过程的成功标准。通过一个具体例子说明了种植过程的成功分析。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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