Innovations in Preconception Care: Optimizing Health for All Individuals.

Cynthia Nypaver, Amanda Yeager
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Abstract

Optimizing the overall health of individuals prior to pregnancy can improve both pregnancy and lifelong health outcomes. Despite extremely high financial expenditure on birth in the United States, maternal and infant mortality rates continue to rise. Moreover, significant racial and ethnic disparities persist in perinatal health outcomes. Preconception care, or health care provided before or between pregnancies, has the capacity to meet these challenges. Preconception care can be integrated into every health care visit, including visits with primary care, reproductive health, and mental health care clinicians. Increasing awareness among clinicians of the benefits of preconception care and equipping them with innovative strategies to implement this care into practice, the number of people receiving optimal care could be increased. Recent innovations in preconception care include group care, health applications (apps), reminders in electronic health records, social marketing campaigns, social media movements, community-based partnerships, health care policy and access, and improving public and clinician education on preconception health topics. Ultimately, improving preconception health is best done in partnership between the consumer and clinician. Midwives, whose care is person-centered and partnership-focused, are well positioned to champion the innovation and implementation of equitable preconception care. The purpose of this State of the Science review, therefore, is to synthesize the literature on recent evidence-based innovations that may be used to improve preconception health and counseling.

孕前保健创新:优化所有人的健康。
在怀孕前优化个人的整体健康可以改善妊娠和终生健康状况。尽管美国在生育方面的财政支出极高,但孕产妇和婴儿死亡率却持续上升。此外,在围产期健康结果方面,种族和民族之间仍然存在巨大差异。孕前保健,即在怀孕前或怀孕期间提供的保健服务,有能力应对这些挑战。孕前保健可以融入到每一次医疗保健就诊中,包括初级保健、生殖健康和心理保健临床医生的就诊。提高临床医生对孕前保健益处的认识,并让他们掌握将这种保健付诸实践的创新策略,可以增加接受最佳保健的人数。最近在孕前保健方面的创新包括集体保健、健康应用程序(Apps)、电子健康记录中的提醒、社会营销活动、社交媒体运动、社区合作、医疗保健政策和获取途径,以及改善有关孕前保健主题的公众和临床医生教育。归根结底,改善孕前健康的最佳方式是消费者与临床医生合作。助产士的护理以人为本,注重伙伴关系,她们完全有能力倡导创新和实施公平的孕前护理。因此,这篇科学现状综述的目的是,对近期可用于改善孕前健康和咨询的循证创新进行文献综述。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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