Pollination Strategies and Reproductive Biology of Fritillaria imperialis L. (Liliaceae): Insights from Erzincan, Türkiye

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI:10.3390/d16080455
Faruk Yildiz, Meral Aslay, Ozkan Kaya
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Abstract

Fritillaria spp., comprising perennial bulbous plants of significant medicinal and ornamental value, face high endangerment in their natural habitats. Despite their importance, the reproductive characteristics and adaptive evolution mechanisms of these species remain incompletely understood. This study focused on the pollination strategies and reproductive biology of Fritillaria imperialis L. The research was conducted at the Erzincan Horticultural Research Institute in Türkiye. Our investigation categorized the flowering process of F. imperialis into nine distinct phases. Through comprehensive assessments of the pollen/ovule ratio, self-incompatibility index (SII), and ex situ pollination experiments, we observed high levels of self-incompatibility and allogamy in F. imperialis. Our findings revealed that pollination of F. imperialis primarily relied on pollen vectors, with Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris identified as the most effective pollinators. Furthermore, average seed set rate, seed production, and seed viability were quantified at 80.5%, 228 seeds, and 86.3%, respectively. The average numbers of pollen viability and pollen grains were measured at 93% and 702,000, respectively. This comprehensive analysis of the reproductive biology of F. imperialis provides crucial insights for the conservation and genetic management of this highly valuable species. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the reproductive strategies employed by Fritillaria spp., which may inform future conservation efforts and breeding programs for these endangered plants.
Fritillaria imperialis L.(百合科)的传粉策略和繁殖生物学:来自土耳其埃尔津詹的启示
由具有重要药用和观赏价值的多年生鳞茎植物组成的鱼腥草属植物在其自然栖息地面临着严重的濒危问题。尽管这些物种非常重要,但对其繁殖特征和适应性进化机制的了解仍然不够。这项研究的重点是帝王花(Fritillaria imperialis L.)的授粉策略和繁殖生物学。我们的研究将帝王花的开花过程分为九个不同的阶段。通过对花粉/胚珠比率、自交不亲和指数(SII)和异地授粉实验的综合评估,我们观察到帝王花的自交不亲和和异花授粉程度很高。我们的研究结果表明,帝王花的授粉主要依赖于花粉媒介,其中Apis mellifera和Bombus terrestris被认为是最有效的授粉媒介。此外,平均结籽率、种子产量和种子存活率分别为 80.5%、228 粒和 86.3%。花粉存活率和花粉粒的平均数量分别为 93% 和 702,000 粒。对帝王蛙生殖生物学的全面分析为这一珍贵物种的保护和遗传管理提供了重要启示。这些研究结果有助于加深人们对鸢尾属植物繁殖策略的理解,从而为这些濒危植物未来的保护工作和育种计划提供参考。
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