Recent Progress of Deep Learning Methods for RBP Binding Sites Prediction on circRNA

Abstract

The interaction between circular RNA (circRNA) and RNA binding protein (RBP) plays an important biological role in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Highthroughput biological experimental methods such as CLIP-seq can effectively analyze the interaction between the two, but biological experiments are inefficient and expensive, and they can only capture binding sites of a specific RBP on circRNA in a selected cell environment at a time. These biological experiments still rely on downstream data analysis to understand the mechanisms behind many biological structures and physiological processes. However, the rapid growth of experimental data dimensions and production speed pose challenges to traditional analysis methods. In recent years, deep learning has made great progress in the genome and transcriptome, and some deep learning prediction algorithms for RBP binding sites on circRNA have also emerged. In this paper, we briefly introduce some biological background knowledge related to circRNA-RBP interaction; present relevant deep learning techniques in this field, including the problem formulation, data source, sequence encoding, deep learning model and overall process of RBP binding sites prediction on circRNA; deeply analyze the current deep learning methods. Finally, some problems existing in the current research and the direction of future research are discussed. It is hoped to help researchers without basic knowledge of deep learning or basic biological background quickly understand the RBP binding sites prediction on circRNA.