Microplastic-Mediated Transfer of Tetracycline Resistance: Unveiling the Role of Mussels in Marine Ecosystems

Giovanni Milani, Claudia Cortimiglia, Mireya Viviana Belloso Daza, Emanuele Greco, Daniela Bassi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli
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Abstract

The global threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is exacerbated by the mobilization of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) occurring in different environmental niches, including seawater. Marine environments serve as reservoirs for resistant bacteria and ARGs, further complicated by the ubiquity of microplastics (MPs). MPs can adsorb pollutants and promote bacterial biofilm formation, creating conditions favorable to the dissemination of ARGs. This study explores the dynamics of ARG transfer in the marine bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis within a seawater model, focusing on the influence of polyethylene MPs on the mobilization of the Tn916-carrying tetM gene and plasmid-encoded ermB. Experiments revealed that biofilm formation on MPs by Enterococcus faecium and Listeria monocytogenes facilitated the transfer of the tetM resistance gene, but not the ermB gene. Furthermore, the presence of MPs significantly increased the conjugation frequency of tetM within mussels, indicating that MPs enhance the potential for ARG mobilization in marine environments. These findings highlight the role of MPs and marine organisms in ARG spread, underscoring the ecological and public health implications.
微塑料介导的四环素抗药性转移:揭示贻贝在海洋生态系统中的作用
抗菌药耐药性(AMR)对全球的威胁因包括海水在内的不同环境壁龛中出现的抗菌药耐药性基因(ARGs)的迁移而加剧。海洋环境是耐药细菌和 ARGs 的贮藏地,而微塑料(MPs)的普遍存在使情况变得更加复杂。微塑料可以吸附污染物并促进细菌生物膜的形成,从而为 ARGs 的传播创造有利条件。本研究在一个海水模型中探索了海洋双壳贝类 Mytilus galloprovincialis 中 ARG 转移的动态,重点研究了聚乙烯 MPs 对携带 Tn916 的 tetM 基因和质粒编码的 ermB 迁移的影响。实验表明,粪肠球菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌在 MPs 上形成的生物膜促进了 tetM 抗性基因的转移,而不是 ermB 基因的转移。此外,MPs 的存在大大增加了 tetM 在贻贝体内的共轭频率,表明 MPs 增强了 ARG 在海洋环境中的迁移潜力。这些发现凸显了 MPs 和海洋生物在 ARG 传播中的作用,强调了其对生态和公共卫生的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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