Exploring the association between melatonin and nicotine dependence (Review).

IF 5.7 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
International journal of molecular medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-02 DOI:10.3892/ijmm.2024.5406
Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou, Pagona Sklapani, Nikolaos Trakas, Russel J Reiter, Demetrios A Spandidos
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Due to the addictive qualities of tobacco products and the compulsive craving and dependence associated with their use, nicotine dependence continues to be a serious public health concern on a global scale. Despite awareness of the associated health risks, nicotine addiction contributes to numerous acute and chronic medical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, respiratory disorders and cancer. The nocturnal secretion of pineal melatonin, known as the 'hormone of darkness', influences circadian rhythms and is implicated in addiction‑related behaviors. Melatonin receptors are found throughout the brain, influencing dopaminergic neurotransmission and potentially attenuating nicotine‑seeking behavior. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of melatonin may mitigate oxidative stress from chronic nicotine exposure, reducing cellular damage and lowering the risk of nicotine‑related health issues. In addition to its effects on circadian rhythmicity, melatonin acting via specific neural receptors influences sleep and mood, and provides neuroprotection. Disruptions in melatonin signaling may contribute to sleep disturbances and mood disorders, highlighting the potential therapeutic role of melatonin in addiction and psychiatric conditions. Melatonin may influence neurotransmitter systems involved in addiction, such as the dopaminergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic and endogenous opioid systems. Preclinical studies suggest the potential of melatonin in modulating reward processing, attenuating drug‑induced hyperactivity and reducing opioid withdrawal symptoms. Chronotherapeutic approaches targeting circadian rhythms and melatonin signaling show promise in smoking cessation interventions. Melatonin supplementation during periods of heightened nicotine cravings may alleviate withdrawal symptoms and reduce the reinforcing effects of nicotine. Further research is required however, to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the melatonin‑nicotine association and the optimization of therapeutic interventions. Challenges include variability in individual responses to melatonin, optimal dosing regimens and identifying biomarkers of treatment response. Understanding these complexities could lead to personalized treatment strategies and improve smoking cessation outcomes.

探索褪黑激素与尼古丁依赖之间的关联(综述)。
由于烟草制品的成瘾性以及与使用烟草制品相关的强迫性渴求和依赖,尼古丁依赖仍然是全球范围内一个严重的公共健康问题。尽管人们已经意识到尼古丁对健康的危害,但尼古丁成瘾仍会导致许多急性和慢性疾病,包括心血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病和癌症。被称为 "黑暗激素 "的松果体褪黑激素的夜间分泌会影响昼夜节律,并与成瘾行为有关。褪黑激素受体遍布大脑各处,可影响多巴胺能神经递质,并有可能减轻寻求尼古丁的行为。此外,褪黑激素的抗氧化特性可减轻因长期接触尼古丁而产生的氧化应激,减少细胞损伤,降低尼古丁相关健康问题的风险。除了对昼夜节律的影响外,褪黑激素还通过特定的神经受体影响睡眠和情绪,并提供神经保护。褪黑激素信号的中断可能会导致睡眠障碍和情绪失调,从而突出了褪黑激素在成瘾和精神疾病中的潜在治疗作用。褪黑激素可能会影响与成瘾有关的神经递质系统,如多巴胺能、谷氨酸能、血清素能和内源性阿片系统。临床前研究表明,褪黑激素在调节奖赏处理、减轻药物引起的过度活跃和减少阿片类戒断症状方面具有潜力。针对昼夜节律和褪黑激素信号传导的慢性治疗方法在戒烟干预中大有可为。在尼古丁渴求期补充褪黑激素可减轻戒断症状,降低尼古丁的强化作用。不过,还需要进一步研究褪黑激素与尼古丁关联的分子机制,并优化治疗干预措施。面临的挑战包括个体对褪黑激素反应的差异性、最佳剂量方案以及确定治疗反应的生物标志物。了解这些复杂性可以制定个性化治疗策略,改善戒烟效果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
International journal of molecular medicine
International journal of molecular medicine 医学-医学:研究与实验
CiteScore
12.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
124
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The main aim of Spandidos Publications is to facilitate scientific communication in a clear, concise and objective manner, while striving to provide prompt publication of original works of high quality. The journals largely concentrate on molecular and experimental medicine, oncology, clinical and experimental cancer treatment and biomedical research. All journals published by Spandidos Publications Ltd. maintain the highest standards of quality, and the members of their Editorial Boards are world-renowned scientists.
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