{"title":"Enhancing drug bioavailability for Parkinson's disease: The promise of chitosan delivery mechanisms.","authors":"Mohammad Arshad Javed Shaikh, Gaurav Gupta, Pawan Bagiyal, Saurabh Gupta, Santosh Kumar Singh, Ramkumar Pillappan, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Parteek Prasher, Vikas Jakhmola, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, Harish Dureja, Sachin Kumar Singh, Kamal Dua","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a widely seen neurodegenerative condition recognized by misfolded α-synuclein (αSyn) protein, a prominent indicator for PD and other synucleinopathies. Motor symptoms like stiffness, akinesia, rest tremor, and postural instability coexist with nonmotor symptoms that differ from person to person in the development of PD. These symptoms arise from a progressive loss of synapses and neurons, leading to a widespread degenerative process in multiple organs. Implementing medical and surgical interventions, such as deep brain stimulation, has enhanced individuals' overall well-being and long-term survival with PD. It should be mentioned that these treatments cannot stop the condition from getting worse. The complicated structure of the brain and the existence of a semi-permeable barrier, commonly known as the BBB, have traditionally made medication delivery for the treatment of PD a challenging endeavor. The drug's low lipophilic nature, enormous size, and peculiarity for various ATP-dependent transport mechanisms hinder its ability to enter brain cells. This article delves at the potential of drug delivery systems based on chitosan (CS) to treat PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharma.2024.07.008","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a widely seen neurodegenerative condition recognized by misfolded α-synuclein (αSyn) protein, a prominent indicator for PD and other synucleinopathies. Motor symptoms like stiffness, akinesia, rest tremor, and postural instability coexist with nonmotor symptoms that differ from person to person in the development of PD. These symptoms arise from a progressive loss of synapses and neurons, leading to a widespread degenerative process in multiple organs. Implementing medical and surgical interventions, such as deep brain stimulation, has enhanced individuals' overall well-being and long-term survival with PD. It should be mentioned that these treatments cannot stop the condition from getting worse. The complicated structure of the brain and the existence of a semi-permeable barrier, commonly known as the BBB, have traditionally made medication delivery for the treatment of PD a challenging endeavor. The drug's low lipophilic nature, enormous size, and peculiarity for various ATP-dependent transport mechanisms hinder its ability to enter brain cells. This article delves at the potential of drug delivery systems based on chitosan (CS) to treat PD.
帕金森病(PD)是一种广泛存在的神经退行性疾病,其特征是α-突触核蛋白(αSyn)蛋白折叠错误,这是帕金森病和其他突触核蛋白病的主要指标。在脊髓灰质炎的发病过程中,僵硬、运动障碍、静止性震颤和姿势不稳等运动症状与非运动症状并存,这些症状因人而异。这些症状源于突触和神经元的逐渐丧失,导致多个器官出现广泛的退行性病变。脑深部刺激等医疗和外科干预措施提高了帕金森病患者的整体健康水平和长期存活率。值得一提的是,这些治疗方法并不能阻止病情恶化。大脑结构复杂,存在半透膜屏障(俗称 "BBB"),这使得治疗帕金森氏症的药物输送一直是一项具有挑战性的工作。药物的低亲脂性、巨大的体积以及各种依赖 ATP 的转运机制的特殊性阻碍了其进入脑细胞的能力。本文深入探讨了基于壳聚糖(CS)的给药系统治疗帕金森病的潜力。
期刊介绍:
This journal proposes a scientific information validated and indexed to be informed about the last research works in all the domains interesting the pharmacy. The original works, general reviews, the focusing, the brief notes, subjected by the best academics and the professionals, propose a synthetic approach of the last progress accomplished in the concerned sectors. The thematic Sessions and the – life of the Academy – resume the communications which, presented in front of the national Academy of pharmacy, are in the heart of the current events.