Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Mechanisms Underlying the Inhibitory Effects of (E)-2-Heptenal on Spore Germination of Aspergillus Flavus

IF 2.8 4区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Biophysics Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1007/s11483-024-09868-0

Jing Ren, Wen-Yan Duan, Yi-Wen Feng, Shuai-Bing Zhang, Yang-Yong Lv, Huan-Chen Zhai, Shan Wei, Ping-An Ma, Yuan-Sen Hu

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Abstract

Plant volatile organic compounds are an abundant resource that can be used to explore natural gaseous fungicides. Recently, we found that (E)-2-heptenal, a green leaf volatile, could effectively inhibit the growth of Aspergillus flavus, showing promise for application as a biofumigant to prevent grain spoilage by A. flavus. In this study, the inhibitory effects of (E)-2-heptenal on A. flavus spore germination and mechanisms underlying these effects were investigated through morphological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration of (E)-2-heptenal for spore germination of A. flavus were 4.0 and 6.0 µL/mL, respectively. (E)-2-heptenal treatment resulted in irregularly deformed, collapsed, and ruptured surface morphology of A. flavus spores, as well as destroyed cell wall integrity and reduced ergosterol content in A. flavus spores. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 4,312 differentially expressed genes in A. flavus spores exposed to (E)-2-heptenal, including 1,913 upregulated and 2,399 downregulated genes; these genes were mainly involved in ribosome biogenesis, cell cycle, linoleic acid metabolism, MAPK signaling, nucleoplasmic transport, meiosis, lipoic acid metabolism, DNA replication, and pyruvate metabolism pathways. (E)-2-heptenal can induce reactive oxygen species accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in A. flavus spores in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, DNA damage and autophagy was observed in (E)-2-heptenal-treated A. flavus spores with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and monodansylcadaverine fluorescence staining. The findings of the present study provide insights into the underlying inhibitory mechanisms of (E)-2-heptenal on A. flavus spore germination.

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转录组分析揭示了(E)-2-庚烯醛对黄曲霉孢子萌发的抑制作用机制

植物挥发性有机化合物是一种可用于探索天然气态杀菌剂的丰富资源。最近，我们发现绿叶挥发物(E)-2-庚烯醛能有效抑制黄曲霉菌的生长，有望作为生物熏蒸剂用于防止黄曲霉菌对粮食的危害。本研究通过形态学、生物化学和转录组学分析，研究了(E)-2-庚烯醛对黄曲霉孢子萌发的抑制作用及其机制。(E)-2-庚烯醛对黄曲霉孢子萌发的最小抑制浓度和最小杀菌浓度分别为 4.0 和 6.0 µL/mL。(E)-2-庚烯醛处理导致黄曲霉孢子表面形态不规则变形、塌陷和破裂，并破坏了细胞壁的完整性，降低了黄曲霉孢子中麦角固醇的含量。转录组分析显示，暴露于(E)-2-庚烯醛的黄曲霉孢子中有4312个差异表达基因，包括1913个上调基因和2399个下调基因；这些基因主要参与核糖体生物发生、细胞周期、亚油酸代谢、MAPK信号转导、核质转运、减数分裂、硫辛酸代谢、DNA复制和丙酮酸代谢途径。(E)-2-庚烯醛能以剂量依赖的方式诱导黄曲霉孢子中活性氧的积累和线粒体功能障碍。此外，用 4′,6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚和单丹参素荧光染色法观察到(E)-2-庚烯醛处理的黄曲霉孢子中存在 DNA 损伤和自噬现象。本研究结果有助于深入了解(E)-2-庚烯醛对黄曲霉孢子萌发的潜在抑制机制。

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来源期刊

Food Biophysics 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Biophysical studies of foods and agricultural products involve research at the interface of chemistry, biology, and engineering, as well as the new interdisciplinary areas of materials science and nanotechnology. Such studies include but are certainly not limited to research in the following areas: the structure of food molecules, biopolymers, and biomaterials on the molecular, microscopic, and mesoscopic scales; the molecular basis of structure generation and maintenance in specific foods, feeds, food processing operations, and agricultural products; the mechanisms of microbial growth, death and antimicrobial action; structure/function relationships in food and agricultural biopolymers; novel biophysical techniques (spectroscopic, microscopic, thermal, rheological, etc.) for structural and dynamical characterization of food and agricultural materials and products; the properties of amorphous biomaterials and their influence on chemical reaction rate, microbial growth, or sensory properties; and molecular mechanisms of taste and smell. A hallmark of such research is a dependence on various methods of instrumental analysis that provide information on the molecular level, on various physical and chemical theories used to understand the interrelations among biological molecules, and an attempt to relate macroscopic chemical and physical properties and biological functions to the molecular structure and microscopic organization of the biological material.