A novel approach to assessing precarious rock instability in high-cold regions considering freeze-thaw forces

IF 2 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Frontiers in Earth Science Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI:10.3389/feart.2024.1422093

Yonghui Zhao, Kun Hu, Deming Han, Yongxian Lang, Lin Zhang

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Abstract

In high-cold regions, the instability of precarious rock masses in open-pit mines is often exacerbated by the effects of freeze-thaw cycles, posing a significant threat to the continuous production of open-pit mining operations. To address this issue effectively, we conducted an in-depth study on the precarious rock masses in the near-slope of a mining area in a high-cold region using a fracture mechanics-based stability analysis method. We analyzed the impact of freeze-thaw cycles on the engineering stability. Introducing a novel approach, we established the temperature field at different time points to determine whether the freeze-thaw depth influences the generation of freeze-thaw forces on the controlling structural surfaces. Employing the maximum circumferential stress criterion, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of tension cracks in the slope and derived corresponding safety factor expressions. Focusing on retrogressive rock slopes, we divided the slope's precarious rock masses into n potentially unstable approximate rectangular rock bodies. Based on this, we developed a fracture mechanics-based slope stability calculation method considering the combined effects of freeze-thaw forces, crack water pressure, and gravity. Through relevant numerical examples, we successfully calculated the safety factors of the segmented rock bodies, revealing the varying influence of freeze-thaw forces on rock mass stability. By integrating the calculation results with practical engineering considerations, we validated the feasibility of our proposed method. Lastly, aligning with pertinent precarious rock stability assessment criteria, we provided corresponding remediation measures based on the distinct stability conditions of the rock masses. Through comprehensive research and an effective computational approach, we offer a scientifically viable solution for the stability of precarious rock masses in open-pit mines in high-cold regions, thereby providing robust technical support for the sustainable production of mining enterprises.

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考虑冻融作用力的高寒地区危岩不稳定性评估新方法

在高寒地区，露天矿山中不稳定岩体的不稳定性往往会因冻融循环的影响而加剧，对露天采矿作业的连续生产构成重大威胁。为有效解决这一问题，我们采用基于断裂力学的稳定性分析方法，对高寒地区某矿区近边坡的脆性岩体进行了深入研究。我们分析了冻融循环对工程稳定性的影响。我们采用一种新方法，建立了不同时间点的温度场，以确定冻融深度是否会影响控制结构表面冻融力的产生。利用最大圆周应力准则，我们对斜坡上的拉伸裂缝进行了全面分析，并得出了相应的安全系数表达式。以逆冲岩石边坡为重点，我们将边坡的不稳定岩体划分为 n 个潜在不稳定的近似矩形岩体。在此基础上，我们开发了一种基于断裂力学的边坡稳定性计算方法，考虑了冻融力、裂隙水压力和重力的综合影响。通过相关数值实例，我们成功计算了分段岩体的安全系数，揭示了冻融力对岩体稳定性的不同影响。通过将计算结果与实际工程考虑相结合，我们验证了所提方法的可行性。最后，结合相关的危岩稳定性评估标准，我们根据岩体的不同稳定性条件提出了相应的补救措施。通过全面的研究和有效的计算方法，我们为高寒地区露天矿的危岩体稳定性提供了科学可行的解决方案，从而为矿业企业的可持续生产提供了强有力的技术支持。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Earth Science Earth and Planetary Sciences-General Earth and Planetary Sciences

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

10.30%

发文量

2076

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Earth Science is an open-access journal that aims to bring together and publish on a single platform the best research dedicated to our planet. This platform hosts the rapidly growing and continuously expanding domains in Earth Science, involving the lithosphere (including the geosciences spectrum), the hydrosphere (including marine geosciences and hydrology, complementing the existing Frontiers journal on Marine Science) and the atmosphere (including meteorology and climatology). As such, Frontiers in Earth Science focuses on the countless processes operating within and among the major spheres constituting our planet. In turn, the understanding of these processes provides the theoretical background to better use the available resources and to face the major environmental challenges (including earthquakes, tsunamis, eruptions, floods, landslides, climate changes, extreme meteorological events): this is where interdependent processes meet, requiring a holistic view to better live on and with our planet. The journal welcomes outstanding contributions in any domain of Earth Science. The open-access model developed by Frontiers offers a fast, efficient, timely and dynamic alternative to traditional publication formats. The journal has 20 specialty sections at the first tier, each acting as an independent journal with a full editorial board. The traditional peer-review process is adapted to guarantee fairness and efficiency using a thorough paperless process, with real-time author-reviewer-editor interactions, collaborative reviewer mandates to maximize quality, and reviewer disclosure after article acceptance. While maintaining a rigorous peer-review, this system allows for a process whereby accepted articles are published online on average 90 days after submission. General Commentary articles as well as Book Reviews in Frontiers in Earth Science are only accepted upon invitation.