Increasing quantum communication rates using hyperentangled photonic states

Liat Nemirovsky-Levy, Uzi Pereg, Mordechai Segev
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Abstract

Quantum communication is based on the generation of quantum states and exploitation of quantum resources for communication protocols. Currently, photons are considered as the optimal carriers of information, because they enable long-distance transition with resilience to decoherence and they are relatively easy to create and detect. Entanglement is a fundamental resource for quantum communication and information processing, and it is of particular importance for quantum repeaters. Hyperentanglement, a state where parties are entangled with two or more degrees of freedom (DoFs) simultaneously, provides an important additional resource because it increases data rates and enhances error resilience. However, in photonics, the channel capacity, i.e., the ultimate throughput, is fundamentally limited when dealing with linear elements. We propose a technique for achieving higher transmission rates for quantum communication by using hyperentangled states, based on multiplexing multiple DoFs on a single photon, transmitting the photon, and eventually demultiplexing the DoFs to different photons at the destination, using Bell state measurements. Following our scheme, one can generate two entangled qubit pairs by sending only a single photon. The proposed transmission scheme lays the groundwork for novel quantum communication protocols with higher transmission rates and refined control over scalable quantum technologies.
利用超纠缠光子态提高量子通信速率
量子通信的基础是量子态的产生和通信协议对量子资源的利用。目前,光子被认为是最佳的信息载体,因为它们可以实现长距离传输,具有抗退相干性,而且相对容易创建和检测。纠缠是量子通信和信息处理的基本资源,对量子中继器尤为重要。超纠缠是一种各方同时与两个或两个以上自由度(DoFs)纠缠的状态,它提供了一种重要的额外资源,因为它能提高数据传输速率并增强抗错能力。然而,在光子学中,当处理线性元素时,信道容量(即最终吞吐量)从根本上受到限制。我们提出了一种利用超纠缠态实现更高的量子通信传输速率的技术,其基础是在单个光子上复用多个 DoFs,传输光子,并最终在目的地利用贝尔状态测量将 DoFs 解复用为不同的光子。按照我们的方案,只需发送一个光子,就能生成两个纠缠的量子比特对。所提出的传输方案为新型量子通信协议奠定了基础,该协议具有更高的传输速率,并可对可扩展量子技术进行精细控制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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