PyamilySeq: A Python Tool for Interpretable Gene (Re)Clustering and Pangenomic Inference Across Species and Genera

Abstract

PyamilySeq is a Python-based tool designed for interpretable gene clustering and pangenomic inference, supporting analyses at both species and genus levels. It facilitates the clustering of gene sequences into families based on sequence similarity using CD-HIT, and can take the output of tried-and-tested sequence clustering tools such as CD-HIT, BLAST, DIAMOND, and MMseqs2. PyamilySeq is distinctive in its ability to integrate new sequences into existing clusters, providing a robust framework for iterative analysis while preserving the original clusters, useful when reannotating genomes. In addition to the standard Species mode which as with other tools performs core-gene analysis across a species range, PyamilySeq can be run in Genus mode where it detects the presence of gene families shared across multiple genera. These features enhance the tools applicability for ongoing and past genomic studies and comparative analyses. PyamilySeq generates comprehensive outputs, including gene presence-absence matrices and aligned sequence data, enabling downstream analysis and interpretation of the identified gene groups and pangenomic data.