Dementia-Sensitive Environmental Design of Living Units in German Nursing Homes: First Results of the German Environmental Audit Tool (G-EAT).

IF 0.7 4区医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Gesundheitswesen Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1055/a-2326-6612

Anne Fahsold, Kathrin Schmüdderich, Hilde Verbeek, Rebecca Palm, Bernhard Holle

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Abstract

Background: The built environment is a key component of dementia-specific care. Little is known about the characteristics of dementia-sensitive environmental elements in living units of nursing homes in Germany. The German Environmental Audit Tool (G-EAT) is a systematic assessment tool for describing these elements in detail.

Aim of the study: To describe the extent of dementia-sensitive design principles and environmental elements in a regionally limited sample of living units in Germany.

Methods: The built environment was assessed using G-EAT and analysed quantitatively and descriptively. Definitions of living units were developed based on site visits and analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results: The 42 participating living units were heterogeneous in terms of space and composition. Dementia-sensitive design principles varied greatly in their implementation in the built environment; on average, 87.7% of the environmental elements were oriented towards a familiar environment. In contrast, visual accessibility was much less frequently enabled by the built environment (mean 37.3%).

Conclusions: The characteristics of various dementia-sensitive environmental elements need to be further investigated against the background of the nursing home care concept and the homogeneity of the resident group to enable the initiation of tailored environmental adaptation that can be implemented by interdisciplinary teams in nursing homes. This also requires a follow-up study with a larger sample of living units to identify the factors that promote and inhibit the development of a dementia-sensitive environment.

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德国养老院中对痴呆症敏感的居住单元环境设计：德国环境审计工具（G-EAT）的初步结果。

背景：建筑环境是痴呆症护理的关键组成部分。关于德国养老院生活单元中对痴呆症敏感的环境因素的特点，人们知之甚少。德国环境审计工具（G-EAT）是一个系统化的评估工具，用于详细描述这些要素：研究目的：描述德国养老院中对痴呆症有敏感认识的设计原则和环境因素的程度：方法：使用 G-EAT 对建筑环境进行评估，并进行定量和描述性分析。在实地考察的基础上对居住单位进行定义，并使用定性内容分析法进行分析：结果：42 个参与评估的居住单元在空间和组成方面各不相同。对痴呆症有敏感认识的设计原则在建筑环境中的实施情况差异很大；平均而言，87.7%的环境要素以熟悉的环境为导向。相比之下，建筑环境中视觉无障碍的比例要低得多（平均为 37.3%）：结论：需要根据疗养院的护理理念和居民群体的同质性，进一步研究各种对痴呆症敏感的环境因素的特点，以便疗养院的跨学科团队能够开始实施有针对性的环境调整。这也需要对更大样本的居住单位进行后续研究，以确定促进和抑制痴呆症敏感环境发展的因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Gesundheitswesen PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

18.20%

发文量

308

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