The evolution of cyclosporine treatments for treatment of ocular surface diseases.

IF 3 4区医学 Q2 ALLERGY

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI:10.1097/ACI.0000000000001017

Anna Flts, Richard Medina, Esen K Akpek

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Cyclosporine is a versatile immunomodulatory drug commonly employed in modern medicine. Although cyclosporine was initially used to prevent solid organ transplant rejection, its indications have extended to treat many inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Cyclosporin is available for use in oral, intravenous, and topical forms, including eye drops to treat corneal and ocular surface conditions. It is naturally advantageous to administer cyclosporin directly into the eye, avoiding potential and dose limiting systemic adverse effects. However, the transition from systemic to topical administration has been a challenging one. This report reviews the evolution of ophthalmic cyclosporine treatment and explores its clinical impacts and future research directions.

Recent findings: Latest advancements in formulations - from oil-based solutions to nanomicelle and gel systems and waterless formulations - have improved the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of topically applied cyclosporine, demonstrating greater effectiveness in treating ocular surface parameters compared to oil-based solution.

Summary: Cyclosporine continues to be a safe and effective immunomodulatory drug in the field of ophthalmology to treat various chronic inflammatory ocular surface diseases and dry eye. Currently, there are several commercially available topical preparations available for ophthalmic use each with unique formulation and clinical outcomes.

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环孢素治疗眼表疾病的演变。

综述的目的：环孢素是现代医学中常用的一种多功能免疫调节药物。虽然环孢素最初用于预防实体器官移植排斥反应，但其适应症已扩展到治疗许多炎症或自身免疫性疾病。环孢素有口服、静脉注射和外用三种剂型，包括治疗角膜和眼表疾病的滴眼液。将环孢素直接滴入眼内，自然可以避免潜在的和剂量限制性的全身不良反应。然而，从全身用药到局部用药的转变过程充满挑战。本报告回顾了眼用环孢素治疗的发展历程，并探讨了其临床影响和未来研究方向：摘要：环孢素仍然是眼科领域一种安全有效的免疫调节药物，可用于治疗各种慢性炎症性眼表疾病和干眼症。目前，市面上有多种眼科外用制剂，每种制剂都有其独特的配方和临床效果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 医学-过敏

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.60%

发文量

109

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This reader-friendly, bimonthly resource provides a powerful, broad-based perspective on the most important advances from throughout the world literature. Featuring renowned guest editors and focusing exclusively on one to three topics, every issue of Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology delivers unvarnished, expert assessments of developments from the previous year. Insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews cover key subjects such as upper airway disease; mechanisms of allergy and adult asthma; paediatric asthma and development of atopy; food and drug allergies; and immunotherapy.