{"title":"Approximating power node-deletion problems","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tcs.2024.114733","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the <span>Power Vertex Cover</span> <em>(PVC)</em> problem introduced in <span><span>[1]</span></span> as a generalization of the well-known <span>Vertex Cover</span>, we are allowed to specify costs for covering edges in a graph individually. Namely, two (nonnegative) weights, <span><math><mi>w</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo><mtext> and </mtext><mi>w</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, are associated with each edge <span><math><mo>{</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>}</mo><mo>∈</mo><mi>E</mi></math></span> of an input graph <span><math><mi>G</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>V</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>E</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, and to cover an edge <span><math><mo>{</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span>, it is required to assign “power” <span><math><mi>p</mi><mo>∈</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> on vertices of <em>G</em> such that either <span><math><mi>p</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>≥</mo><mi>w</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> or <span><math><mi>p</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>≥</mo><mi>w</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>. The objective is to minimize the total power assigned on <em>V</em>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mo>∑</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>v</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>V</mi></mrow></msub><mi>p</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, while covering all the edges of <em>G</em> by <em>p</em>.</p><p>The <em>node-deletion</em> problem for a graph property <em>π</em> is the problem of computing a minimum vertex subset <span><math><mi>C</mi><mo>⊆</mo><mi>V</mi></math></span> in a given graph <span><math><mi>G</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>V</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>E</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, such that the graph satisfies <em>π</em> when all the vertices in <em>C</em> are removed from <em>G</em>. In this paper we consider node-deletion problems extended with the “covering-by-power” condition as in PVC, and present a unified approach for effectively approximating them. The node-deletion problems considered are <span>Partial Vertex Cover (PartVC)</span>, <span>Bounded Degree Deletion (BDD)</span>, and <span>Feedback Vertex Set (FVS)</span>, each corresponding to graph properties <em>π</em>= “the graph has at most <span><math><mo>|</mo><mi>E</mi><mo>|</mo><mo>−</mo><mi>k</mi></math></span> edges”, <em>π</em>= “vertex degree of <em>v</em> is no larger than <span><math><mi>b</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>”, and <em>π</em>= “the graph is acyclic”, respectively. After reducing these problems to the <span>Submodular Set Cover</span> (SSC) problem, we conduct an extended analysis of the approximability of these problems in the new setting of power covering by applying some of the existing techniques for approximating SSC. It will be shown that 1) PPartVC can be approximated within a factor of 2, 2) PBDD for <span><math><mi>b</mi><mo>∈</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> within <span><math><mi>max</mi><mo></mo><mo>{</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><msub><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></math></span>, where <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>v</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>V</mi></mrow></msub><mo></mo><mi>b</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, or within <span><math><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo><mi>log</mi><mo></mo><msub><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> (for <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub><mo>≥</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>) by a combination of the greedy SSC algorithm and the local ratio method extended for power node-deletion problems, and 3) PFVS within 2, resulting in each of these bounds matching the best one known for the corresponding original problem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49438,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical Computer Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Theoretical Computer Science","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304397524003505","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, THEORY & METHODS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In the Power Vertex Cover(PVC) problem introduced in [1] as a generalization of the well-known Vertex Cover, we are allowed to specify costs for covering edges in a graph individually. Namely, two (nonnegative) weights, , are associated with each edge of an input graph , and to cover an edge , it is required to assign “power” on vertices of G such that either or . The objective is to minimize the total power assigned on V, , while covering all the edges of G by p.
The node-deletion problem for a graph property π is the problem of computing a minimum vertex subset in a given graph , such that the graph satisfies π when all the vertices in C are removed from G. In this paper we consider node-deletion problems extended with the “covering-by-power” condition as in PVC, and present a unified approach for effectively approximating them. The node-deletion problems considered are Partial Vertex Cover (PartVC), Bounded Degree Deletion (BDD), and Feedback Vertex Set (FVS), each corresponding to graph properties π= “the graph has at most edges”, π= “vertex degree of v is no larger than ”, and π= “the graph is acyclic”, respectively. After reducing these problems to the Submodular Set Cover (SSC) problem, we conduct an extended analysis of the approximability of these problems in the new setting of power covering by applying some of the existing techniques for approximating SSC. It will be shown that 1) PPartVC can be approximated within a factor of 2, 2) PBDD for within , where , or within (for ) by a combination of the greedy SSC algorithm and the local ratio method extended for power node-deletion problems, and 3) PFVS within 2, resulting in each of these bounds matching the best one known for the corresponding original problem.
期刊介绍:
Theoretical Computer Science is mathematical and abstract in spirit, but it derives its motivation from practical and everyday computation. Its aim is to understand the nature of computation and, as a consequence of this understanding, provide more efficient methodologies. All papers introducing or studying mathematical, logic and formal concepts and methods are welcome, provided that their motivation is clearly drawn from the field of computing.