THE TECHNOLOGICAL LEVELS OF PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF BELARUS, RUSSIA, AND KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

Innovative economic growth is not only based on the development of technologies that ensure the growth of aggregate supply. This type of growth is impossible without constant innovation in consumer goods that drive growth in aggregate demand. At the same time, in modern economic theory, the attention of researchers focuses mainly on the development of engineering and technology and the role of innovation in the field of consumer goods has not been studied separately from technical and technological innovations. The article analyzes the special roles of production innovations and consumer innovations in economic growth. A methodology developed by the author is presented for measuring the technological level of consumption, as well as for comparing the production technological level and the consumption technological level in the national economy. Based on statistical data, technological levels of production and consumption were calculated for the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus, and Kazakhstan. The results of analysis of the dynamics of the production and consumption technological levels are presented. The level of сorrespondence between the technological capabilities of production and consumption within the national economies of the countries under consideration is evaluated. Such an analysis allows us to anticipate possible threats to the development of countries occupying a catching-up position in innovative development, as well as to anticipate the danger of a slowdown in economic growth for countries that are leaders in innovative development.