Medical science and medical sociology between the diagnosis of biological diseases and the diagnosis of the state of society " a dialogue consistency and intellectual cultural and civilizational variation between the two sciences "Descriptive and analytical comparison study "

Abstract

In advance, the correspondence of sociology with medical sciences from the beginning was not easy between two different fields of sciences, including sociology and medicine, to link knowledge of disease, health and health care, but social intervention in the field of medicine was not reasonable from specialists in the medical field, However, with the development of social life and the overlap of multiple factors in the emergence of diseases, diagnosis and methods of treatment, the gradual opening of medical science to sociology and an attempt to introduce some social factors in the interpretation of diseases and the role of the patient and the relationship between doctor and patient and the formulation of some approaches and scientific theories, with the prosperity of the medical profession in the late nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, which resulted in awareness of the importance of social factors in the interpretation of the disease, and the impact of interpersonal relationships in treatment, which led to The occurrence of a conflict between traditional and modern medical thought, resolved towards the introduction of modern scientific trends that believe in the integration of science, on the one hand and on the other hand specialists in sociology had a prominent role in the emergence of a new branch of knowledge in the field of sociology called medical sociology, which means medical issues in society after their study of phenomena related to health and disease being social phenomena, especially in the thirties of the twentieth century and the post-World War II era due to the spread of chronic diseases And increasing the proportion of the elderly in society, the mentally ill, the mentally disturbed and the disabled, as well as the development of health services, the increase in specialties and the emergence of some diseases Keywords: Medical Sociology – Medicine – Biological Diseases – Cultural Variation