Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical analysis of Evolvulus alsinoides against HIV Secondary Pathogens

Abstract

Background: The antimicrobial activities of medicinal plants have long been exploited by scientific community against the diseases causing microorganisms. Routine use of antibiotic agents developed microbes as drug resistant organisms making it as a critical issue in case of treatments. So the detection of new natural compounds with antimicrobial activity is considered to be important. Although hundreds of plant species have been said to have antimicrobial properties, the vast majority have not been adequately evaluated. The present research works focus to develop new therapeutic agents or drug from selected medicinal plant of Evolvulus alsinoides against HIV Secondary pathogenic organisms, based on the review of literature, problems associated with treatment of pathogenic organisms and drug resistant patterns of the pathogenic organisms. Results: The isolated bacterial cultures from secondary infection of HIV patient’s samples were identified as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on their Morphology, Staining, Motility and Biochemical test. The isolated fungal cultures were identified as, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp, Mucor sp, and Candida albicans, based on their growth and LCB staining. Evolvulus alsinoides has shown to have several compounds that play a great function in its antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: There is a need to develop alternative agents for the control of pathogenic bacterial and fungal diseases in HIV infected persons. There is a good reason to support that the secondary metabolites of plants have evolved to protect them from attack by microbial pathogens. Hence, products from plants have great potential as sources of novel bioactive compounds for controlling pathogenic microorganisms. The treatment of various infectious diseases by the support of traditional usage of herbal medicine indicates the therapeutic potential of Evolvulus alsinoides by its antimicrobial activity. Further clinical studies are required to validate the efficacy of this medicinal plant against various pathogens and various resistant strains of bacteria. Keywords: Evolvulus alsinoides, HIV Secondary Pathogens, Solvent extracts, antimicrobial activity, Phytochemical Analysis.