Clean innovation ecosystems: Lifting distressed communities in Appalachia with clean energy

William Paolillo, Benjamin Cross, Charles Zelek, Donald Wingate, Adam Berkebile
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Abstract

The U.S. government has invested in distressed communities in the 21st century but with minimal effect. Regarding income, poverty, joblessness, and vacancy rates, the average distressed zip code in 2018 showed no improvement compared to its standing relative to the average prosperous zip code in 2000. We have discovered the formation of unique business clusters funded by public-private partnerships have the potential to make a difference in lifting distressed communities. Our research of literature and artifacts (photographs, videos, documents, digital media - websites or social media posts) suggests the discovery of a Clean Innovation Ecosystem (CIE). CIE refers to the network of social entrepreneurs, organizations, institutions, and individuals that work together to promote sustainable technologies and practices. As of the 4th quarter of 2023, manufacturing annual run rate construction spending has skyrocketed to over $200 billion. There are another $600 billion of Voltage Valley projects announced that have not yet been built. Over the past two decades, private investment has been between $20 billion and $100 billion annually in U.S. manufacturing infrastructure. Governments are making unprecedented investments in clean energy - which include approximately $400 billion in funding from the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), $8 billion to establish 6–10 regional Hydrogen Hubs in the U.S., investments in carbon capture, renewable energy technologies, and other investments in clean energy sectors and technologies. All these investments come with the condition that the investment lifts distressed communities. This article explains why investing in Appalachia and geographic regions with similar characteristics will maximize the social benefit of public investment in a Clean Innovation Ecosystem. Our case study covers the Greater Central Appalachian Voltage Valley (GCAVV) – the states of Kentucky, West Virginia, Ohio, Upstate New York, and Michigan, as well as the Central Appalachian region as defined by 56 of the 85 distressed communities of Appalachia.
清洁创新生态系统:用清洁能源拯救阿巴拉契亚贫困社区
21 世纪以来,美国政府对贫困社区进行了投资,但收效甚微。在收入、贫困、失业和空置率方面,2018 年的平均贫困区与 2000 年的平均繁荣区相比没有任何改善。我们发现,在公私合作伙伴的资助下形成独特的企业集群,有可能在改善窘迫社区方面有所作为。我们对文献和人工制品(照片、视频、文件、数字媒体--网站或社交媒体帖子)的研究表明,我们发现了清洁创新生态系统(CIE)。CIE 指的是由社会企业家、组织、机构和个人组成的网络,他们共同致力于推广可持续技术和实践。截至 2023 年第四季度,制造业年运行率建筑支出已飙升至 2000 多亿美元。此外,还有 6000 亿美元的电压谷项目已经宣布,但尚未开工建设。过去二十年来,美国制造业基础设施的私人投资每年在 200 亿至 1000 亿美元之间。各国政府正在对清洁能源进行史无前例的投资,其中包括《通货膨胀削减法案》(IRA)提供的约 4000 亿美元资金、80 亿美元用于在美国建立 6-10 个地区性氢能中心、对碳捕获和可再生能源技术的投资,以及对清洁能源行业和技术的其他投资。所有这些投资都有一个条件,那就是投资要帮助贫困社区摆脱困境。本文将解释为什么在阿巴拉契亚以及具有类似特征的地理区域进行投资将使清洁创新生态系统中的公共投资产生最大的社会效益。我们的案例研究涵盖大阿巴拉契亚中部电压谷(GCAVV)--肯塔基州、西弗吉尼亚州、俄亥俄州、纽约上州和密歇根州,以及阿巴拉契亚 85 个贫困社区中的 56 个所定义的阿巴拉契亚中部地区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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