Use of a low transformation temperature effect for the targeted reduction of welding distortion in stainless chromium-nickel steel for an application in rail vehicle construction Nutzung eines Niedrigtransformationstemperatureffektes zur gezielten Reduzierung von Schweißverzug in korrosionsbeständigem Chrom-Nickel-Stahl für die Anwendung im Schienenfahrzeugbau

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI:10.1002/mawe.202300164

M. Gamerdinger, F. Akyel, S. Olschok, C. Kahve, D. C. Fritsche, U. Elliesen, C. Hopmann, U. Reisgen

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Abstract

Due to their low thermal conductivity and high thermal expansion, austenitic chromium-nickel steels have an increased tendency to distortion during welding. In industrial sectors such as rail vehicle construction, there is a high demand for geometrical precision that is not met by distorted components. Introducing a low transformation temperature (LTT) effect in the weld seam influences the stress distribution, which effects the formation of welding distortion. The low transformation temperature effect is achieved by in situ alloying using commercially available materials. The demonstrators made of stainless steel (X2CrNiN18-7/1.4318) were welded with a low-alloy filler metal G4Si1. The low transformation temperature effect is assessed by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and hardness measurements. The effect on distortion was investigated by measuring the demonstrators with a coordinate measuring system and the results were compared with the reference stainless steel demonstrators with stainless filler metal. The alloying process resulted in a reduction of the alloy content to 14.4 m% chromium and 5 m% nickel and a medium-high hardness of 361 HV 0.2 to 383 HV 0.2. The low transformation temperature effect achieved leads to a significant reduction in welding distortion of up to 78 % compared to the similar reference demonstrators.

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利用低转变温度效应有针对性地减少不锈铬镍钢的焊接变形，以应用于轨道车辆制造

由于奥氏体铬镍钢的导热率低、热膨胀率高，因此在焊接过程中容易发生变形。在轨道车辆制造等工业领域，对几何精度的要求很高，而变形部件无法满足这一要求。在焊缝中引入低转变温度效应（LTT）会影响应力分布，从而影响焊接变形的形成。低转变温度效应是通过使用市售材料进行原位合金化实现的。用低合金填充金属 G4Si1 焊接不锈钢（X2CrNiN18-7/1.4318）制成的演示器。通过能量色散 X 射线光谱和硬度测量评估了低转变温度效应。通过使用坐标测量系统测量示范件，研究了对变形的影响，并将结果与使用不锈钢填充金属的参考不锈钢示范件进行了比较。合金化过程使合金含量降至 14.4 m% 的铬和 5 m% 的镍，硬度达到 361 HV 0.2 至 383 HV 0.2 的中高硬度。与类似的参考示范品相比，低转变温度效应显著减少了焊接变形，最高达 78%。

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来源期刊

Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

2.10

自引率

9.10%

发文量

154

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik provides fundamental and practical information for those concerned with materials development, manufacture, and testing. Both technical and economic aspects are taken into consideration in order to facilitate choice of the material that best suits the purpose at hand. Review articles summarize new developments and offer fresh insight into the various aspects of the discipline. Recent results regarding material selection, use and testing are described in original articles, which also deal with failure treatment and investigation. Abstracts of new publications from other journals as well as lectures presented at meetings and reports about forthcoming events round off the journal.