The impacts of season extension on upper Great Lakes shipping

Abstract

This article is a synopsis of the first phase of a multiyear study completed for the Wisconsin Sea Grant on the impact of an extended shipping season on the Great Lakes because of climate change. The new factors of reduced ice coverage and the completion of a second Poe‐sized lock at the Sault Ste. Marie were considered in analyzing the possible changes. This article outlines the study's methodology, summarizes findings, and discusses the potential impact of season extension on vessels, ports, personnel, and beneficial cargo owners.