Nelson Luis Cahuapaza-Gutierrez, Tsuriel Sofía Campos-Escalante
{"title":"Aplastic Anemia Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series","authors":"Nelson Luis Cahuapaza-Gutierrez, Tsuriel Sofía Campos-Escalante","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i3.16111","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Aplastic anemia (AA) is the prototypical bone marrow failure syndrome due to the destruction of hematopoietic stem cells by cytotoxic T cells. According to case reports, vaccines could lead to the development of AA. We conducted the present systematic review to evaluate cases of AA following vaccination against coronavirus disease (COVID-19). \nWe searched the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE in English, Portuguese, and Spanish languages until April 24, 2023. Published reports and case series on the occurrence of AA following vaccination against COVID-19 were included. The Joanna Brigs Institute was used to assess study quality and risk of bias. \nSix studies were selected from 102 research studies and data were extracted according to the inclusion criteria. All case reports and case series reported the occurrence of AA following COVID-19 vaccination. AA events were mainly observed in vaccines with messenger ribonucleic acid technology (Moderna; Pfizer-BioNTech). AA was diagnosed by bone marrow biopsy and severity was determined by Camitta criteria. \nAll cases of AA were properly diagnosed. The sample size was small; therefore, further investigations are required to demonstrate and elucidate the complete pathophysiological mechanisms of AA development after receiving COVID-19 vaccination.","PeriodicalId":94048,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hematology-oncology and stem cell research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International journal of hematology-oncology and stem cell research","FirstCategoryId":"0","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i3.16111","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aplastic anemia (AA) is the prototypical bone marrow failure syndrome due to the destruction of hematopoietic stem cells by cytotoxic T cells. According to case reports, vaccines could lead to the development of AA. We conducted the present systematic review to evaluate cases of AA following vaccination against coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
We searched the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE in English, Portuguese, and Spanish languages until April 24, 2023. Published reports and case series on the occurrence of AA following vaccination against COVID-19 were included. The Joanna Brigs Institute was used to assess study quality and risk of bias.
Six studies were selected from 102 research studies and data were extracted according to the inclusion criteria. All case reports and case series reported the occurrence of AA following COVID-19 vaccination. AA events were mainly observed in vaccines with messenger ribonucleic acid technology (Moderna; Pfizer-BioNTech). AA was diagnosed by bone marrow biopsy and severity was determined by Camitta criteria.
All cases of AA were properly diagnosed. The sample size was small; therefore, further investigations are required to demonstrate and elucidate the complete pathophysiological mechanisms of AA development after receiving COVID-19 vaccination.