Hafnium surface changes during dissolution in concentrated sulfuric acid Veränderungen der Hafniumoberfläche während der Auflösung in konzentrierter Schwefelsäure

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.1002/mawe.202300280

G. M. Carriello, G. M. Pegoraro, L. R. Alves, G. P. Mambrini

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Abstract

Scientific studies involving hafnium have grown significantly in recent years due to the potential applications that this metal has. These potential applications come from the properties of this element, which for many years since its discovery were neglected in research. Among the factors that contributed to this was the high cost of extracting its ores from nature. One of the properties is the solubility of this metal in concentrated sulfuric acid, reacting to form hafnium(IV) sulfate and hydrogen gas. This acid is one of the few that can dissolve this metal, since hafnium is highly resistant to corrosion. The present work reports a chemometrically planned study on the surface of hafnium metal during its dissolution in sulfuric acid at different temperatures (13 °C, 25 °C and 97 °C) and for different times (5 minutes, 60 minutes and 120 minutes). Samples of metallic hafnium were completely immersed in sulfuric acid, subsequently characterized by scanning electron microscopy and the mass variation of the samples was analyzed. The corrosion of hafnium occurs only after the rupture of the protective film of hafnium(IV) oxide of the material, this rupture being faster as the temperature increases.

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铪在浓硫酸中溶解时的表面变化

近年来，由于铪的潜在应用，涉及铪的科学研究有了显著增长。这些潜在的应用来自于这种元素的特性，自发现以来的许多年里，这种特性在研究中一直被忽视。造成这种情况的因素包括从自然界中提取铪矿石的高昂成本。其中一个特性是这种金属在浓硫酸中的溶解性，反应生成硫酸铪（IV）和氢气。这种酸是少数几种能溶解这种金属的酸之一，因为铪具有很强的耐腐蚀性。本研究报告对金属铪在不同温度（13 °C、25 °C、97 °C）和不同时间（5 分钟、60 分钟、120 分钟）的硫酸溶解过程中的表面进行了化学计量学研究。将金属铪样品完全浸入硫酸中，然后用扫描电子显微镜对其进行表征，并分析样品的质量变化。只有在材料的氧化铪（IV）保护膜破裂后，铪才会发生腐蚀，这种破裂随着温度的升高而加快。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

2.10

自引率

9.10%

发文量

154

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik provides fundamental and practical information for those concerned with materials development, manufacture, and testing. Both technical and economic aspects are taken into consideration in order to facilitate choice of the material that best suits the purpose at hand. Review articles summarize new developments and offer fresh insight into the various aspects of the discipline. Recent results regarding material selection, use and testing are described in original articles, which also deal with failure treatment and investigation. Abstracts of new publications from other journals as well as lectures presented at meetings and reports about forthcoming events round off the journal.