Estimation of Rusle Parameters of the Ozat River Basin Using Remote Sensing and GIS

Dhodia J. B., Parmar H. V., Mashru H. H, Rank H.D., Pandya P.A
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Abstract

In India, soil erosion is a major problem that lowers water availability and agricultural land production. Detachment, transportation and deposition of soil particles from one place to another under the influence of wind, water or gravity forces is known as soil erosion. Therefore, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) with Remote Sensing and GIS study was found easy for estimation of soil loss in river basins. The selected watershed for this study was Ozat river basin is situated in Gujarat, having the catchment area 3410 km2. The rainfall erosivity factor (R) was estimated using monthly and annual rainfall data. Sand, silt, clay and organic matter of soil were used to determine the soil erodibility factor (K). The highest and lowest estimated rainfall erosivity factor were found 144.45 MJ.mm.ha-1.h-1.y-1 to 147.37 MJ.mm.ha-1.h-1.y-1 respectively. The soil erodibility was found in the range of 0.139 tonnes-ha-hr/ha-MJ-mm to 0.172 tonnes-ha-hr/ha-MJ-mm. Soil with higher K values are more vulnerable to soil erosion. However, lower K values are more resistant to soil erosion. Combining the utilization of the Remote Sensing and GIS provides faster and real- time information for studies related to natural resources management and the study of various parameters needed for soil loss. Thus, different soil loss estimation model and tools may be applied extremely effectively and efficiently for the planning of natural resources in watershed and the study of different factors in bigger or smaller basins.
利用遥感和地理信息系统估算奥扎特河流域的 Rusle 参数
在印度,土壤侵蚀是一个主要问题,它降低了水的可用性和农田产量。在风、水或重力的作用下,土壤颗粒从一个地方脱离、迁移并沉积到另一个地方,这就是所谓的土壤侵蚀。因此,利用遥感和地理信息系统(GIS)研究的修订通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)被认为易于估算河流流域的土壤流失量。本研究选择的流域是位于古吉拉特邦的奥扎特河流域,流域面积为 3410 平方公里。降雨侵蚀因子 (R) 是利用月降雨量和年降雨量数据估算得出的。土壤中的沙、淤泥、粘土和有机物被用来确定土壤侵蚀系数(K)。估算出的最高和最低降雨侵蚀系数分别为 144.45 MJ.mm.ha-1.h-1.y-1 和 147.37 MJ.mm.ha-1.h-1.y-1。K 值越高的土壤越容易受到土壤侵蚀。然而,K 值较低的土壤则更能抵御土壤侵蚀。将遥感和地理信息系统结合使用,可为自然资源管理相关研究和土壤流失所需各种参数的研究提供更快的实时信息。因此,不同的土壤流失估算模型和工具可以非常有效和高效地应用于流域自然资源的规划以及对更大或更小流域中不同因素的研究。
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