Conhecimento dos tutores sobre ectoparasitas em cães e gatos na região do Sul de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Currently, it is known that the population of domestic animals increases exponentially, especially dogs (D.) and cats (C.). Due to the proximity of these animals to humans, the transmission of zoonotic diseases can occur, which are largely caused by ectoparasites, such as fleas and ticks. To this end, effective methods of controlling and preventing parasites are necessary. Thus, the present study aimed to describe the occurrence of ectoparasites in D. and C. in the southern region of Minas Gerais (Brazil), and to understand the knowledge of tutors regarding the main ectoparasites of small animals and their control and prevention methods. It was possible to establish the profile of the 91 tutors who participated in the research through questions that addressed gender, age, education level and city of residence. A total of 181 C. and 260 D. were counted. 49 participants claimed to have only D., 41 only C., and seven had both species. These data highlight the preference for D. in Brazilian territory. Regarding the sex of D., females prevail as the largest uncastrated population, with the prevalence of intact males for C. Regarding the number of animals receiving veterinary care, the total number of responses was 47 for no and 106 for yes. The brown tick was found in 122 animals, the star tick in 54, the flea in 202, myiasis in 45, and 16 tutors responded that they found another type of parasite. Regarding the control of ectoparasites, control is carried out monthly (63 animals), quarterly (91), semi-annually (111), annually (82) or no control is carried out (59). 98 D. and 60 C. receive oral ectoparasiticides, 11 D. and 4 C. used collars, and the use of pipettes occurs in 3 D. and 28 C. 15 tutors do not know which method to use. 13 D. were diagnosed with ehrlichiosis, 3 animals with babesiosis and 10 with other parasitic diseases. Regarding the treatments carried out: 26 tutors stated that they followed the treatment prescribed by the veterinarian, 20 did not know the origin of the prescription and one stated that it was someone else's recommendation. In the end, it is concluded that tutors recognize the risks of disease transmission but know little about zoonoses. Therefore, it is up to health professionals and veterinarians to provide guidance on ectoparasites and their relationship with zoonoses. The occurrence of ectoparasites is frequent but, with proper control, the well-being and health of the animals is guaranteed.