Jie Zhang, Zhi-Wei Ye, Danyelle M Townsend, Kenneth D Tew
{"title":"Redox pathways in melanoma.","authors":"Jie Zhang, Zhi-Wei Ye, Danyelle M Townsend, Kenneth D Tew","doi":"10.1016/bs.acr.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cases of melanoma are doubling every 12 years, and in stages III and IV, the disease is associated with high mortality rates concomitant with unresectable metastases and therapeutic drug resistance. Despite some advances in treatment success, there is a marked need to understand more about the pathology of the disease. The present review provides an overview of how melanoma cells use and modulate redox pathways to facilitate thiol homeostasis and melanin biosynthesis and describes plausible redox targets that may improve therapeutic approaches in managing malignant disease and metastasis. Melanotic melanoma has some unique characteristics. Making melanin requires a considerable dedication of cellular energy resources and utilizes glutathione and glutathione transferases in certain steps in the biosynthetic pathway. Melanin is an antioxidant but is also functionally important in hematopoiesis and influential in various aspects of host immune responses, giving it unique characteristics. Together with other redox traits that are specific to melanoma, a discussion of possible therapeutic approaches is also provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":94294,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in cancer research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acr.2024.06.002","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/6/24 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Cases of melanoma are doubling every 12 years, and in stages III and IV, the disease is associated with high mortality rates concomitant with unresectable metastases and therapeutic drug resistance. Despite some advances in treatment success, there is a marked need to understand more about the pathology of the disease. The present review provides an overview of how melanoma cells use and modulate redox pathways to facilitate thiol homeostasis and melanin biosynthesis and describes plausible redox targets that may improve therapeutic approaches in managing malignant disease and metastasis. Melanotic melanoma has some unique characteristics. Making melanin requires a considerable dedication of cellular energy resources and utilizes glutathione and glutathione transferases in certain steps in the biosynthetic pathway. Melanin is an antioxidant but is also functionally important in hematopoiesis and influential in various aspects of host immune responses, giving it unique characteristics. Together with other redox traits that are specific to melanoma, a discussion of possible therapeutic approaches is also provided.
黑色素瘤病例每 12 年翻一番,在 III 期和 IV 期,该病死亡率高,同时伴有无法切除的转移和治疗耐药性。尽管在治疗成功率方面取得了一些进展,但人们仍明显需要对该疾病的病理有更多的了解。本综述概述了黑色素瘤细胞如何利用和调节氧化还原途径来促进硫醇平衡和黑色素的生物合成,并描述了可能改善治疗方法以控制恶性疾病和转移的似是而非的氧化还原靶点。黑色素瘤具有一些独特的特征。制造黑色素需要大量的细胞能量资源,并在生物合成途径的某些步骤中利用谷胱甘肽和谷胱甘肽转移酶。黑色素是一种抗氧化剂,但在造血过程中也具有重要功能,并对宿主免疫反应的各个方面产生影响,因此具有独特的特性。本文还讨论了黑色素瘤特有的其他氧化还原特性以及可能的治疗方法。