The Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Change on Water Quality in the Middle Ganga Region: A Review

IF 2.8 3区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Topics in Catalysis Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.1007/s11244-024-01996-8

V. Punja, V. Pathak, S. P. Shukla, R. P. Tripathi

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Abstract

The review paper delves into the intricacies of water quality index (WQI) and its relationship with land use and land cover in the Ganga River basin of Uttar Pradesh. The study highlights the significance of the Ganga River, a major perennial river in India, and presents findings from previous paper work shows that 57 sites of Ganga basin show fair, poor, or heavily polluted water quality. Analysis of live storage data within the basin revealed a notable increase in LULC compared to previous years, resulting in decrease water quality indicators such as low rate of dissolved oxygen (DO) levels and high concentrations of pollutants like faecal coliform, total coliform, and nitrate (NO₃^-). The observed increased in nitrate concentration, particularly attributed to enhance industrial activities and agricultural runoff during the harvesting season, suggests a negative trend towards water quality restoration. The prevalence of untreated commercial and industrial wastewater remains a significant challenge to sustained water quality improvement. In conclusion, the paper advocates for addressing land use land cover of the Ganga basin and ensuring adequate flow releases to rejuvenate the river effectively. It underscores the need for comprehensive measures to sustainably manage land use and cover water resources and mitigate anthropogenic impacts on the middle Ganga River.

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恒河中游地区土地利用/土地覆盖变化对水质的影响：综述

这篇综述论文深入探讨了北方邦恒河流域水质指数（WQI）的复杂性及其与土地利用和土地覆盖的关系。研究强调了恒河作为印度主要常年河流的重要性，并介绍了之前论文工作的发现，结果显示恒河流域有 57 个地点的水质为一般、较差或严重污染。对流域内活水储存数据的分析表明，与前几年相比，LULC 显著增加，导致水质指标下降，如溶解氧（DO）水平低，粪大肠菌群、总大肠菌群和硝酸盐（NO3-）等污染物浓度高。观察到的硝酸盐浓度增加，特别是在收获季节工业活动和农业径流的增加，表明了水质恢复的负面趋势。普遍存在的未经处理的商业和工业废水仍然是持续改善水质的重大挑战。最后，本文主张解决恒河流域的土地利用和土地覆盖问题，并确保释放足够的流量，以有效恢复河流的活力。它强调需要采取综合措施，对土地利用和水资源覆盖进行可持续管理，并减轻人类活动对甘加河中游的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Topics in Catalysis 化学-物理化学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

5.60%

发文量

197

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Topics in Catalysis publishes topical collections in all fields of catalysis which are composed only of invited articles from leading authors. The journal documents today’s emerging and critical trends in all branches of catalysis. Each themed issue is organized by renowned Guest Editors in collaboration with the Editors-in-Chief. Proposals for new topics are welcome and should be submitted directly to the Editors-in-Chief. The publication of individual uninvited original research articles can be sent to our sister journal Catalysis Letters. This journal aims for rapid publication of high-impact original research articles in all fields of both applied and theoretical catalysis, including heterogeneous, homogeneous and biocatalysis.