Estimating Litter Production Amount and Quality for Eldar Pine and Umbraculifera Elm Trees in the Historic City of Yazd

IF 2.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Bahman Kiani, Samira Nasiri, Hamidreza Azimzadeh, Afagh Tabandeh, Mohammad Esmaeilpour
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Abstract

This study aimed to estimate the amount and quality of litter produced by pine and elm trees in the green space of the historic city of Yazd. Litterbags were used to collect the leaves for a year while the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, sulfur, carbon, magnesium, and potassium levels was measured monthly for both species. The annual mean weight of all components of litter was found to be 4056.56 g for pine and 4106.67 g for elm trees. The results showed that the greatest fall of pine needles was recorded in September, while the highest fall of elm leaves was measured in November. The specific leaf area of elm and pine was calculated to be 169.38 and 29.96 cm2/g, respectively. The leaf area index for pine and elm was 0.91 and 7.99, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between pine and elm trees in the leaf amount and total litter. However, the crown area of pine and elm trees had a direct effect on the amount of total litter produced (R2 = 0.72 and 0.60 respectively). There was a significant difference between the two species in organic matter percentage, while there was no significant difference in the carbon, calcium, and magnesium content. The specific leaf area of elm was higher than pine, making it better in this index. According to the amount of annual litter production of two species calculated in this research, it can be said that in the city of Yazd, pine and elm trees produce at least 158.9 and 804.5 tons of litter per year respectively. Since the minimum cost of litter collection per hectare of tree plantations in the city is $150, collecting pine and elm litter will cost the municipality $14,700 and $73,500, respectively. Our study showed that contrary to popular belief, pine needles play an important role in total leaf litter produced in arid regions like Yazd. Also, the process of collecting dead leaves continues throughout the year, especially in summer in arid areas.

Abstract Image

估算亚兹德历史名城埃达尔松树和茵陈榆树产生的垃圾数量和质量
本研究旨在估算历史名城亚兹德绿地中松树和榆树产生的垃圾数量和质量。研究人员使用垃圾袋收集了一年的树叶,同时每月测量两种树木的氮、磷、钙、硫、碳、镁和钾含量。结果发现,松树和榆树枯落物所有成分的年平均重量分别为 4056.56 克和 4106.67 克。结果表明,松针的最大落叶量出现在 9 月份,而榆叶的最大落叶量则出现在 11 月份。经计算,榆树和松树的比叶面积分别为 169.38 和 29.96 cm2/g。松树和榆树的叶面积指数分别为 0.91 和 7.99。松树和榆树的叶量和垃圾总量在统计上没有显著差异。不过,松树和榆树的树冠面积对产生的总垃圾量有直接影响(R2 分别为 0.72 和 0.60)。松树和榆树在有机质百分比上有显著差异,而在碳含量、钙含量和镁含量上没有显著差异。榆树的比叶面积高于松树,因此在这一指标上更胜一筹。根据本研究计算出的两种树种每年产生的垃圾量,可以说在亚兹德市,松树和榆树每年至少分别产生 158.9 吨和 804.5 吨垃圾。由于该市每公顷植树造林的垃圾收集成本最低为 150 美元,因此收集松树和榆树垃圾将分别花费市政府 14,700 美元和 73,500 美元。我们的研究表明,与人们普遍认为的相反,松针在亚兹德等干旱地区产生的落叶垃圾总量中发挥着重要作用。此外,收集枯叶的过程贯穿全年,尤其是在干旱地区的夏季。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
104
审稿时长
1.7 months
期刊介绍: International Journal of Environmental Research is a multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of environment. In pursuit of these, environmentalist disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. International Journal of Environmental Research publishes original research papers, research notes and reviews across the broad field of environment. These include but are not limited to environmental science, environmental engineering, environmental management and planning and environmental design, urban and regional landscape design and natural disaster management. Thus high quality research papers or reviews dealing with any aspect of environment are welcomed. Papers may be theoretical, interpretative or experimental.
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