{"title":"Multi-Species Probiotics Ameliorate Salinity-Induced Growth Retardation In Striped Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus","authors":"Md Meftahul Zannat, Md Fazle Rohani, Re-One Zannat Jeba, Md Shahjahan","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00636-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Salinity is regarded as one of the most crucial environmental parameters and salinity mediated stress adversely affect the aquaculture production. Probiotics might alleviate the salinity stress in fish. Here, we investigated the role of probiotics on growth (weight gain, specific growth rate), survivability, feed utility (feed conversion ratio), hemoglobin, glucose, structure of erythrocytes (cellular and nuclear abnormalities), and gut morphology of striped catfish (<i>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</i>) reared in different salinities. The fingerlings (8.10 ± 0.20 g) were evenly distributed four different salinities (0, 4, 8 and 12 ppt) in three replicates with and without probiotics supplementation for 56 days. Multi-species probiotics containing <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (5 × 10<sup>9</sup> cfu/ml), <i>B. thuringiencis</i> (4 × 10<sup>9</sup> cfu/ml), <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (5.8 × 10<sup>9</sup> cfu/ml), and <i>L. buchneri</i> (6.5 × 10<sup>9</sup> cfu/ml) were used as 1.0 mL/L at the alternate day. The results of this study indicated that survivability, growth and feed utility were negatively affected with the increased salinity, however multi-species probiotics significantly ameliorated the negative effects of salinity. Moreover, multi-species probiotics significantly improved hemoglobin (g/dL) and glucose (mg/dL) level at different salinity in comparison with the non-probiotics treated groups. Frequencies of cellular and nuclear abnormalities of erythrocytes were increased significantly with the increase of salinity in non-probiotics groups, while those significantly declined in multi-species probiotics treated groups. Increased salinity level suppressed the immune response indices, while probiotics supplementation significantly improved the gut immune response irrespective of salinity level. Taken altogether, the current study revealed that application of multi-species probiotics can be an effective tool to reduce salinity stressors and improve growth and health status by upgrading hemato-biochemical profile and intestinal morphology of <i>P. hypophthalmus</i> at higher salinity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Environmental Research","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00636-z","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Salinity is regarded as one of the most crucial environmental parameters and salinity mediated stress adversely affect the aquaculture production. Probiotics might alleviate the salinity stress in fish. Here, we investigated the role of probiotics on growth (weight gain, specific growth rate), survivability, feed utility (feed conversion ratio), hemoglobin, glucose, structure of erythrocytes (cellular and nuclear abnormalities), and gut morphology of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) reared in different salinities. The fingerlings (8.10 ± 0.20 g) were evenly distributed four different salinities (0, 4, 8 and 12 ppt) in three replicates with and without probiotics supplementation for 56 days. Multi-species probiotics containing Bacillus subtilis (5 × 109 cfu/ml), B. thuringiencis (4 × 109 cfu/ml), Lactobacillus plantarum (5.8 × 109 cfu/ml), and L. buchneri (6.5 × 109 cfu/ml) were used as 1.0 mL/L at the alternate day. The results of this study indicated that survivability, growth and feed utility were negatively affected with the increased salinity, however multi-species probiotics significantly ameliorated the negative effects of salinity. Moreover, multi-species probiotics significantly improved hemoglobin (g/dL) and glucose (mg/dL) level at different salinity in comparison with the non-probiotics treated groups. Frequencies of cellular and nuclear abnormalities of erythrocytes were increased significantly with the increase of salinity in non-probiotics groups, while those significantly declined in multi-species probiotics treated groups. Increased salinity level suppressed the immune response indices, while probiotics supplementation significantly improved the gut immune response irrespective of salinity level. Taken altogether, the current study revealed that application of multi-species probiotics can be an effective tool to reduce salinity stressors and improve growth and health status by upgrading hemato-biochemical profile and intestinal morphology of P. hypophthalmus at higher salinity.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Environmental Research is a multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of environment. In pursuit of these, environmentalist disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. International Journal of Environmental Research publishes original research papers, research notes and reviews across the broad field of environment. These include but are not limited to environmental science, environmental engineering, environmental management and planning and environmental design, urban and regional landscape design and natural disaster management. Thus high quality research papers or reviews dealing with any aspect of environment are welcomed. Papers may be theoretical, interpretative or experimental.