Dynamics of submesoscale processes and their influence on vertical heat transport in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean

IF 2.2 3区 地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY
Yifei Zhou, Wei Duan, Xuhua Cheng
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Abstract

Submesoscale processes (SMPs) play profound roles in energy cascade, air-sea heat flux, and marine ecosystem, the variability of which significantly regulates regional and global climate. The southeastern tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO) has abundant and complex dynamic processes, yet the dynamics of SMPs in this region remain unclear. Based on the outputs of two high-resolution models, the seasonality and potential mechanisms of SMPs in the SETIO, as well as accompanying submesoscale vertical heat transport (SVHT) are investigated in this study. The SMPs and SVHT are much stronger during the southeast monsoon period (June-October). Mixed layer instability (MLI) dominates the generation of SMPs, while frontogenesis only plays a minor role. The enhanced horizontal density gradients partly resulting from strengthened large-mesoscale flow strain, coupled with a deeper mixed layer induced by surface cooling and strong southeast monsoon, account for the stronger MLI in the southeast monsoon period. Besides, symmetric instability (SI) also contributes to the generation of SMPs by extracting kinetic energy from the geostrophic flows. Upward SVHT in medium- and high resolution ROMS simulations surpasses that in low-resolution ROMS simulation by a factor of three during the austral winter and is significantly stronger than mesoscale vertical heat transport. These results confirm the importance of SMPs in upper-layer vertical heat transport, and SMPs resolving models can represent the vertical heat transport much better. Our findings could deepen our understanding on multiscale dynamic processes and vertical heat transport in the SETIO.

Abstract Image

亚中尺度过程的动力学及其对东南热带印度洋垂直热输送的影响
亚主题尺度过程(SMPs)在能量级联、海气热通量和海洋生态系统中发挥着深远的作用,其变化对区域和全球气候有着重要的调节作用。东南热带印度洋(SETIO)拥有丰富而复杂的动态过程,但该区域的次中尺度过程动态仍不清楚。本研究基于两个高分辨率模式的输出结果,研究了东南印度洋 SMP 的季节性和潜在机制,以及伴随的次中尺度垂直热输送(SVHT)。在东南季风期(6 月至 10 月),SMPs 和 SVHT 更加强烈。混合层不稳定性(MLI)在 SMP 的生成中占主导地位,而锋面生成只起次要作用。大中尺度气流应变增强导致水平密度梯度增大,加上地表降温和强烈的东南季风导致混合层加深,是东南季风期间混合层不稳定性增强的部分原因。此外,对称不稳定性(SI)也通过从地转流中提取动能促进了 SMP 的产生。在澳大利亚冬季,中分辨率和高分辨率 ROMS 模拟中的上行 SVHT 比低分辨率 ROMS 模拟中的上行 SVHT 高出三倍,而且明显强于中尺度垂直热输送。这些结果证实了中尺度垂直热输送在上层垂直热输送中的重要性,而中尺度垂直热输送解析模式可以更好地表现垂直热输送。我们的研究结果可以加深我们对 SETIO 的多尺度动态过程和垂直热传输的理解。
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来源期刊
Ocean Dynamics
Ocean Dynamics 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Ocean Dynamics is an international journal that aims to publish high-quality peer-reviewed articles in the following areas of research: Theoretical oceanography (new theoretical concepts that further system understanding with a strong view to applicability for operational or monitoring purposes); Computational oceanography (all aspects of ocean modeling and data analysis); Observational oceanography (new techniques or systematic approaches in measuring oceanic variables, including all aspects of monitoring the state of the ocean); Articles with an interdisciplinary character that encompass research in the fields of biological, chemical and physical oceanography are especially encouraged.
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