{"title":"Measuring the global and domestic technological impact of Chinese scientific output: a patent-to-paper citation analysis of science-technology linkage","authors":"Ziyou Teng, Xuezhong Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11192-024-05110-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tracing the utilization of science in technological innovations, especially the fraction with regard to public research, is of major importance in science policy. We explore the evolution of the global and domestic technological impact of Chinese scientific output with a detailed analysis of 6,901,428 utility patents granted at USPTO from 1976 to 2020 and their 337,949 citations to Chinese scientific publications. The results show that Chinese scientific output plays an increasingly critical role in science-based innovations while its contributions to domestic and foreign technology are fluctuated over the period. The domestic use of Chinese research is shrinking in late 1990s but keeps increasing thereafter. The technological impact of Chinese scientific output varies in different technology sectors. The recent growing share of Chinese-invented technology in the citing patents is dominated by Chinese patents in digital communication. The time lag of domestic citations is smaller than foreign citations, which is partially owing to the self-citations of Chinese inventors. However, the contributions of self-citations to short knowledge diffusion times are heterogeneous across technology fields. The largest producer of the cited science is universities and the next is public research organizations. Companies account for a meager quantity of total citations and their proportion is shrinking since 2007. Specifically, private technology depends substantially on public research for scientific knowledge. A national bias is found in the scientific knowledge components of patents assigned to companies, which to a certain point indicates the area where academia and industry hold a close relationship in China and Chinese companies are specialized. Taken together, these findings provide a dynamic country- and sector-dependent linkage of Chinese scientific output to domestic and global technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":21755,"journal":{"name":"Scientometrics","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Scientometrics","FirstCategoryId":"91","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-024-05110-3","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Tracing the utilization of science in technological innovations, especially the fraction with regard to public research, is of major importance in science policy. We explore the evolution of the global and domestic technological impact of Chinese scientific output with a detailed analysis of 6,901,428 utility patents granted at USPTO from 1976 to 2020 and their 337,949 citations to Chinese scientific publications. The results show that Chinese scientific output plays an increasingly critical role in science-based innovations while its contributions to domestic and foreign technology are fluctuated over the period. The domestic use of Chinese research is shrinking in late 1990s but keeps increasing thereafter. The technological impact of Chinese scientific output varies in different technology sectors. The recent growing share of Chinese-invented technology in the citing patents is dominated by Chinese patents in digital communication. The time lag of domestic citations is smaller than foreign citations, which is partially owing to the self-citations of Chinese inventors. However, the contributions of self-citations to short knowledge diffusion times are heterogeneous across technology fields. The largest producer of the cited science is universities and the next is public research organizations. Companies account for a meager quantity of total citations and their proportion is shrinking since 2007. Specifically, private technology depends substantially on public research for scientific knowledge. A national bias is found in the scientific knowledge components of patents assigned to companies, which to a certain point indicates the area where academia and industry hold a close relationship in China and Chinese companies are specialized. Taken together, these findings provide a dynamic country- and sector-dependent linkage of Chinese scientific output to domestic and global technology.
期刊介绍：
Scientometrics aims at publishing original studies, short communications, preliminary reports, review papers, letters to the editor and book reviews on scientometrics. The topics covered are results of research concerned with the quantitative features and characteristics of science. Emphasis is placed on investigations in which the development and mechanism of science are studied by means of (statistical) mathematical methods.
The Journal also provides the reader with important up-to-date information about international meetings and events in scientometrics and related fields. Appropriate bibliographic compilations are published as a separate section. Due to its fully interdisciplinary character, Scientometrics is indispensable to research workers and research administrators throughout the world. It provides valuable assistance to librarians and documentalists in central scientific agencies, ministries, research institutes and laboratories.
Scientometrics includes the Journal of Research Communication Studies. Consequently its aims and scope cover that of the latter, namely, to bring the results of research investigations together in one place, in such a form that they will be of use not only to the investigators themselves but also to the entrepreneurs and research workers who form the object of these studies.
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