Extra-pair paternity and sperm length variation in a far northern Great Tit (Parus major) population

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI:10.1007/s10336-024-02199-4

Oddmund Kleven, Jan Eivind Østnes, Geir Rudolfsen, Sonja Schindler, Tim Schmoll

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Abstract

Extra-pair paternity is common among socially monogamous bird species and considered an important driver of post-copulatory sexual selection on ejaculate traits including sperm traits. Patterns of extra-pair paternity and sperm size both show substantial variation among populations, yet we know little about the expression of these key reproductive traits at high latitudes. Here we report patterns of extra-pair paternity and describe variation in sperm dimensions in a Norwegian population of the socially monogamous Great Tit (Parus major) breeding beyond the polar circle at 69° northern latitude. Across six study years, we detected extra-pair paternity in 19.2% of 26 broods, and on average 4.7% of nestlings per brood were extra-pair offspring. As expected from results of previous intraspecific analyses of latitudinal variation in extra-pair paternity rates, the observed rate of extra-pair offspring was low in comparison to published estimates from more southern Great Tit populations (range: 2.9 − 20.4%). Our results therefore support a pattern of decreasing levels of extra-pair paternity with increasing latitude in this species also for extremely high latitudes. Overall mean sperm total length amounted to 97.5 ± 0.6 (SE) μm and 30.6% of the total phenotypic variation in sperm total length was explained by differences among sperm samples. The among-sample coefficient of variation in mean sperm total length per sample was 1.93%. Using previous comparative work as a yardstick, this value is substantially lower than expected for the observed frequency of 4.7% extra-pair offspring.

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远北大山雀（Parus major）种群中的配对外父子关系和精子长度变异

配对外父子关系在社会一夫一妻制的鸟类中很常见，被认为是射精特征（包括精子特征）在交配后性选择的一个重要驱动因素。配对外父子关系的模式和精子的大小在不同种群中都表现出很大的差异，但我们对这些关键生殖特征在高纬度地区的表现却知之甚少。在此，我们报告了在北纬69°极圈外繁殖的挪威一夫一妻制大山雀种群的配对外父子关系模式，并描述了精子大小的变化。在6个研究年度中，我们在26窝雏鸟中检测到19.2%的配对外父子关系，平均每窝雏鸟中有4.7%是配对外后代。正如先前对配对外父亲身份率的纬度变化进行的种内分析结果所预期的那样，观察到的配对外后代率与更南部的大山雀种群已发表的估计值（范围：2.9 - 20.4%）相比偏低。因此，我们的研究结果支持该物种的配对外父子关系水平随纬度增加而降低的模式，在极高纬度地区也是如此。精子总长度的总体平均值为 97.5 ± 0.6 (SE) μm，精子总长度表型变异的 30.6% 是由精子样本之间的差异造成的。每个样本的平均精子总长度的样本间变异系数为 1.93%。以以前的比较工作为标准，这一数值大大低于观测到的 4.7% 的配对外后代频率的预期值。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.