Less-Intrusive Consistent Discretization Methods for Reservoir Simulation on Cut-cell Grids – Algorithms, Implementation, and Testing

IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS
Faruk O. Alpak, Mohamad Jammoul, Mary F. Wheeler, Kachi Onyeagoro
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Abstract

Consistent discretization methods are a natural fit for the novel cut-cell gridding technique for reservoir simulation, which preserves the orthogonality characteristic in the lateral direction. Both uniform (global) and novel hybrid (local) variants of consistent discretization methods are implemented and tested in the vicinity of fault representations on cut-cell grids. Novel consistent discretization methods, which do not require major intrusive changes to the solver structure of industrial-grade reservoir simulators, are investigated in this work. Cell-centered methods such as multi-point flux approximation (MPFA), average multi-point flux approximation (AvgMPFA), and nonlinear two-point flux approximation (NTPFA) methods fit naturally into the framework of existing industrial-grade simulators. Thus, cut-cell compatible variants of AvgMPFA and NTPFA and their novel hybridizations with TPFA are implemented and tested. An implementation of the relatively more computationally expensive MPFA is also made to serve as accuracy reference to AvgMPFA and NTPFA. AvgMPFA and NTPFA multiphase simulation results are compared in terms of accuracy and computational performance against the ones computed with reference MPFA and TPFA methods on a set of synthetic cut-cell grid models of varying complexity including conceptual models and a field-scale model. It is observed that AvgMPFA consistently yields more accurate and computationally efficient simulations than NTPFA on cut-cell grids. Moreover, AvgMPFA-TPFA hybrids run faster than NTPFA-TPFA hybrids when compared on the same problem for the same hybridization strategy. On the other hand, the computational performance of AvgMPFA degrades more rapidly compared to NTPFA with increasing “rings” of orthogonal blocks around cut-cells. Auspiciously, only one or two “rings” of orthogonal blocks around cut cells are sufficient for AvgMPFA to deliver high accuracy.

用于切分单元网格储层模拟的低侵入一致离散化方法 - 算法、实施和测试
一致性离散方法与用于储层模拟的新型切割单元网格技术天然契合,该技术保留了横向的正交特性。一致离散方法的统一(全局)变体和新型混合(局部)变体均已实施,并在切割单元网格上的断层表示附近进行了测试。这项工作研究了新的一致离散化方法,这些方法不需要对工业级储层模拟器的求解器结构进行重大的侵入性改动。以单元为中心的方法,如多点通量近似法(MPFA)、平均多点通量近似法(AvgMPFA)和非线性两点通量近似法(NTPFA)等,可以很自然地融入现有工业级模拟器的框架。因此,实现并测试了 AvgMPFA 和 NTPFA 的切割单元兼容变体及其与 TPFA 的新型混合。此外,还实现了计算成本相对较高的 MPFA,作为 AvgMPFA 和 NTPFA 的精度参考。AvgMPFA 和 NTPFA 多相模拟结果在精度和计算性能方面与参考 MPFA 和 TPFA 方法计算的结果进行了比较,这些结果是在一组不同复杂程度的合成切割单元网格模型(包括概念模型和现场尺度模型)上得出的。结果表明,在切割单元网格上,AvgMPFA 的模拟结果始终比 NTPFA 更精确,计算效率更高。此外,在相同的混合策略下,对同一问题进行比较时,AvgMPFA-TPFA 混合模型比 NTPFA-TPFA 混合模型运行得更快。另一方面,随着切割单元周围正交块 "环 "的增加,AvgMPFA 的计算性能比 NTPFA 退化得更快。值得注意的是,AvgMPFA 只需在切割单元周围设置一到两个正交块 "环 "就能达到很高的精度。
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来源期刊
Computational Geosciences
Computational Geosciences 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
4.00%
发文量
63
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Computational Geosciences publishes high quality papers on mathematical modeling, simulation, numerical analysis, and other computational aspects of the geosciences. In particular the journal is focused on advanced numerical methods for the simulation of subsurface flow and transport, and associated aspects such as discretization, gridding, upscaling, optimization, data assimilation, uncertainty assessment, and high performance parallel and grid computing. Papers treating similar topics but with applications to other fields in the geosciences, such as geomechanics, geophysics, oceanography, or meteorology, will also be considered. The journal provides a platform for interaction and multidisciplinary collaboration among diverse scientific groups, from both academia and industry, which share an interest in developing mathematical models and efficient algorithms for solving them, such as mathematicians, engineers, chemists, physicists, and geoscientists.
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