Application of Optogenetics in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

IF 3.6 4区医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.1007/s10571-024-01486-1

Qian Zhang, Tianjiao Li, Mengying Xu, Binish Islam, Jianwu Wang

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Abstract

Optogenetics, a revolutionary technique integrating optical and genetic methodologies, offers unparalleled precision in spatial targeting and temporal resolution for cellular control. This approach enables the selective manipulation of specific neuronal populations, inducing subtle electrical changes that significantly impact complex neural circuitry. As optogenetics precisely targets and modulates neuronal activity, it holds the potential for significant breakthroughs in understanding and potentially altering the course of neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by selective neuronal loss leading to functional deficits within the nervous system. The integration of optogenetics into neurodegenerative disease research has significantly advanced in the field, offering new insights and paving the way for innovative treatment strategies. Its application in clinical settings, although still in the nascent stages, suggests a promising future for addressing some of the most challenging aspects of neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of these research undertakings.

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光遗传学在神经退行性疾病中的应用。

光遗传学是一项革命性的技术，它将光学和遗传学方法融为一体，为细胞控制提供了无与伦比的空间定位精度和时间分辨率。这种方法可以选择性地操纵特定的神经元群，诱发微妙的电变化，从而对复杂的神经回路产生重大影响。由于光遗传学能精确瞄准并调节神经元活动，因此有可能在理解神经退行性疾病方面取得重大突破，并有可能改变神经退行性疾病的病程，神经退行性疾病的特点是选择性神经元缺失导致神经系统功能障碍。光遗传学与神经退行性疾病研究的结合极大地推动了该领域的发展，为创新治疗策略提供了新的见解并铺平了道路。虽然光遗传学在临床上的应用仍处于起步阶段，但它在解决神经退行性疾病中最具挑战性的一些问题方面前景广阔。在本综述中，我们将全面概述这些研究工作。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 生物-神经科学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

137

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology publishes original research concerned with the analysis of neuronal and brain function at the cellular and subcellular levels. The journal offers timely, peer-reviewed articles that describe anatomic, genetic, physiologic, pharmacologic, and biochemical approaches to the study of neuronal function and the analysis of elementary mechanisms. Studies are presented on isolated mammalian tissues and intact animals, with investigations aimed at the molecular mechanisms or neuronal responses at the level of single cells. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology also presents studies of the effects of neurons on other organ systems, such as analysis of the electrical or biochemical response to neurotransmitters or neurohormones on smooth muscle or gland cells.