Hormonal regulation in diabetes: Special emphasis on sex hormones and metabolic traits.

3区生物学 Q1 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-06 DOI:10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.015

Harini Ravi, Soumik Das, V Devi Rajeswari, Ganesh Venkatraman, Abbas Alam Choudhury, Shreya Chakraborty, Gnanasambandan Ramanathan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Diabetes constitutes a significant global public health challenge that is rapidly reaching epidemic proportions. Among the non-communicable diseases, the incidence of diabetes is rising at an alarming rate. The International Diabetes Federation has documented a 9.09% prevalence of diabetes among individuals aged between 20 and 79 years. The interplay of gonadal hormones and gender differences is critical in regulating insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, and this dynamic is particularly crucial because of the escalating incidence of diabetes. Variations in insulin sensitivity are observed across genders, levels of adiposity, and age groups. Both estrogen and testosterone are seen to influence glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. This chapter surveys the present knowledge of sex differences, sex hormones, and chromosomes on insulin imbalance and diabetes development. It further highlights the influence of metabolic traits in diabetes and changes in sex hormones during diabetic pregnancy. Notably, even stressful lifestyles have been acknowledged to induce hormonal imbalances. Furthermore, it discusses the potential of hormonal therapy to help stabilize sex hormones in diabetic individuals and focuses on the most recent research investigating the correlation between sex hormones and diabetes.

查看原文本刊更多论文

糖尿病的激素调节：特别强调性激素和代谢特征。

糖尿病是一项重大的全球公共卫生挑战，正在迅速达到流行病的程度。在非传染性疾病中，糖尿病的发病率正以惊人的速度上升。根据国际糖尿病联合会的记录，在 20 至 79 岁的人群中，糖尿病的发病率为 9.09%。性腺激素和性别差异的相互作用对调节胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖耐量至关重要，由于糖尿病发病率不断上升，这种动态变化尤为关键。胰岛素敏感性在不同性别、不同脂肪水平和不同年龄组中都存在差异。雌激素和睾酮都会影响葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素敏感性。本章概述了目前关于性别差异、性激素和染色体对胰岛素失衡和糖尿病发展的影响的知识。它进一步强调了代谢特征对糖尿病的影响以及糖尿病妊娠期间性激素的变化。值得注意的是，即使是紧张的生活方式也被认为会诱发荷尔蒙失衡。此外，该书还讨论了激素疗法在帮助糖尿病患者稳定性激素方面的潜力，并重点介绍了调查性激素与糖尿病之间相关性的最新研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Published continuously since 1944, The Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology series has been the essential resource for protein chemists. Each volume brings forth new information about protocols and analysis of proteins. Each thematically organized volume is guest edited by leading experts in a broad range of protein-related topics.